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The Molecular Geomicrobiology of Bacterial Manganese(II) Oxidation

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Geomicrobiology: Molecular and Environmental Perspective

Abstract

Manganese is the second most abundant transition metal found in the Earth’s crust. It has a significant biological role as it is a cofactor of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and is the key metal in the reaction center of photosystem II. In the environment, manganese is mostly found in three different oxidation states: II, III, and IV. Mn(II), primarily occurring as the soluble Mn2+ species, is the thermodynamically favored state at low pH and Eh while insoluble Mn(III) and Mn(IV) oxides are favored at high pH and Eh. Thus, studies of Mn in the environment have almost always employed this paradigm for defining different Mn phases based on operational definitions: Mn that passes through a 0.2 or 0.4 µm filter is defined as soluble Mn(II) while Mn that is trapped by the filter are the solid phase Mn(III,IV) oxides. Soluble Mn species other than Mn(II) were thought not to be important because Mn(III) ions are not stable in solution and rapidly disproportionate to Mn(II) and Mn(IV). However, recent work on the mechanism of bacterial Mn(II) oxidation has demonstrated that Mn(III) occurs as an intermediate in the oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(IV) oxides (Webb et al. 2005b; Parker et al. 2007; Anderson et al. 2009b) and that a variety of inorganic and organic ligands can complex Mn(III) and render it relatively stable in solution. In this article we review these new insights into the molecular mechanism of bacterial Mn(II) oxidation and recent advances in our understanding of Mn(II) oxidation in the environment. The study of the importance of Mn in the environment needs to employ the new paradigm for Mn cycling which takes into account the role of soluble Mn(III) species.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge funding for our research from the National Science Foundation (MCB-0630355 and OCE-0221500), the NSF Science and Technology Center for Coastal Margins Observation and Prediction (CMOP; OCE 0424602) and grant number P42ES010337 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NSF or NIEHS.

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  1. Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA

    Bradley M. Tebo, Kati Geszvain & Sung-Woo Lee

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  1. Bradley M. Tebo
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  2. Kati Geszvain
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  3. Sung-Woo Lee
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Correspondence to Bradley M. Tebo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Biology, University of New Mexico, Castetter Hall 167, Albuquerque, 87131-0001, USA

    Larry L. Barton

  2. , Faculty of Science, Dept. of Biochmistry, Masaryk University, Kortlarska 2, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic

    Martin Mandl

  3. , Department of Microbial Ecology, Fac. of, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, A-1090, Austria

    Alexander Loy

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Tebo, B.M., Geszvain, K., Lee, SW. (2010). The Molecular Geomicrobiology of Bacterial Manganese(II) Oxidation. In: Barton, L., Mandl, M., Loy, A. (eds) Geomicrobiology: Molecular and Environmental Perspective. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9204-5_13

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