Abstract
In this chapter, we provide an overview of the fundamental concepts and technical details for group-sequential designs for clinical trials comparing two interventions based on two primary endpoints. In this situation, there are many procedures for controlling the Type I error rate. We discuss the simplest procedure, i.e., the weighted Bonferroni procedure which is commonly applied in practice. We evaluate the behavior of the sample size, power, and Type I error rate associated with the procedure.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Berger RL (1982) Multiparameter hypothesis testing and acceptance sampling. Technometrics 24:295–300
Bretz F, Maurer W, Brannath W, Posch M (2009) A graphical approach to sequentially rejective multiple test procedures. Stat Med 28:586–604
Bretz F, Hothorn T, Westfall P (2011) Multiple comparisons using R. Chapman and Hall, CRC Press, Boca Raton
Burman CF, Sonesson C, Guilbaud O (2009) A recycling framework for the construction of Bonferroni-based multiple tests. Stat Med 28:739–761
Dmitrienko A, Tamhane AC, Bretz F (2010) Multiple testing problems in pharmaceutical statistics. Chapman and Hall, CRC Press, Boca Raton
Glimm E, Mauer W, Bretz F (2009) Hierarchical testing of multiple endpoints in group-sequential trials. Stat Med 29:219–228
Glimm E, Mauer W, Bretz F (2010) Hierarchical testing of multiple endpoints in group-sequential trials. Stat Med 29:219–228
Hung HMJ, Wang SJ, O’Neill RT (2007) Statistical considerations for testing multiple endpoints in group sequential or adaptive clinical trials. J Biopharm Stat 17:1201–1210
Jennison C, Turnbull BW (1991) Exact calculations for sequential t, χ 2 and F tests. Biometrika 78:133–141
Jennison C, Turnbull BW (2000) Group sequential methods with applications to clinical trials. Chapman and Hall, CRC Press, Boca Raton
Kosorok MR, Shi Y, DeMets DL (2004) Design and analysis of group-sequential clinical trials with multiple primary endpoints. Biometrics 60:134–145
Lan KKG, DeMets DL (1984) Discrete sequential boundaries for clinical trials. Biometrika 70:659–663
Maurer W, Bretz F (2013) Multiple testing in group sequential trials using graphical approaches. Stat Biopharm Res 5:311–320
O’Brien PC (1984) Procedures for comparing samples with multiple endpoints. Biometrics 40:1079–1087
O’Brien PC, Fleming TR (1979) A multiple testing procedure for clinical trials. Biometrics 35:549–556
Pocock SJ (1977) Group sequential methods in the design and analysis of clinical trials. Biometrika 64:191–199
Pocock SJ, Geller NL, Tsiatis AA (1987) The analysis of multiple endpoints in clinical trials. Biometrics 43:487–498
Senn S, Bretz F (2007) Power and sample size when multiple endpoints are considered. Pharm Stat 6:161–170
Sozu T, Sugimoto T, Hamasaki T, Evans SR (2015) Sample size determination in clinical trials with multiple endpoints. Springer International Press, Cham
Tamhane AC, Mehta CR, Liu L (2010) Testing a primary and secondary endpoint in a group sequential design. Biometrics 66:1174–1184
Tamhane AC, Wu Y, Mehta C (2012) Adaptive extensions of a two-stage group sequential procedure for testing primary and secondary endpoints (I): unknown correlation between the endpoints. Stat Med 31:2027–2040
Tang DI, Geller NL (1999) Closed testing procedures for group sequential clinical trials with multiple endpoints. Biometrics 55:1188–1192
Tang DI, Gnecco C, Geller NL (1989) Design of group sequential clinical trials with multiple endpoints. J Am Stat Assoc 84:776–779
Wiens BL, Dmitrienko A (2010) On selecting a multiple comparison procedure for analysis of a clinical trial: fallback, fixed sequence, and related procedures. Stat Biopharm Res 2:22–32
Xi D, Tamhane AC (2015) Allocating recycled significance levels in group sequential procedures for multiple endpoints. Biometrical J 57:90–107
Ye Y, Li A, Lui L, Yao B (2013) A group sequential Holm procedure with multiple primary endpoints. Stat Med 32:1112–1124
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hamasaki, T., Asakura, K., Evans, S.R., Ochiai, T. (2016). Interim Evaluation of Efficacy in Clinical Trials with Two Primary Endpoints. In: Group-Sequential Clinical Trials with Multiple Co-Objectives. SpringerBriefs in Statistics(). Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55900-9_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55900-9_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-55898-9
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-55900-9
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)