Abstract
Galactose-3-O-sulfotranasferases (Gal3STs) are Golgi-membrane sulfotransferases catalyzing transfer of a sulfate group from the donor substrate, 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS), to the C3 position of the nonreducing terminal β-Gal residue of carbohydrate chains. So far four Gal3STs have been identified, and their primary structures are found to be similar to each other (El-Fasakhany et al. 2001; Honke et al. 1997, 2001; Seko et al. 2001; Suzuki et al. 2001). The original Gal3ST gene was cloned as a gene that encodes galactosylceramide (GalCer) sulfotransferase (Honke et al. 1997) based on the amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme (Honke et al. 1996). The second through fourth Gal3ST genes were cloned by making use of homology to the GalCer sulfotransferase gene (El-Fasakhany et al. 2001; Honke et al. 2001; Seko et al. 2001; Suzuki et al. 2001). Although the characteristic and biological function of GalCer sulfotransferase (Gal3ST-1) have been extensively studied (Honke et al. 1997; Ishizuka 1997), reports on the other Gal3STs are limited. Therefore, this article mainly focuses on GalCer sulfotransferase (a.k.a. CST, Gal3ST-1).
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Honke, K. (2014). Galactose-3-O-Sulfotransferase 1-4 (GAL3ST1-4). In: Taniguchi, N., Honke, K., Fukuda, M., Narimatsu, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Angata, T. (eds) Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_56
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