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Brain–Machine Interfaces Based on Computational Model

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Systems Neuroscience and Rehabilitation

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Abstract

The research about brain computer interface or brain machine interface has been widely developed in this decade. Implant methods are already used for eye or ear as retinal implant or cochlear implant, these devices stimulate peripheral nerve. In this case, the stimulus site is peripheral and the information from each sensor is input signal of the brain. Brain Machine Interface measure or stimulate neuron in the brain directly and decode neuronal firings to generate information. It is impossible to measure all neuron activities from brain, because of enormous quantity of neurons and also the function is unknown. So anatomical knowledge, such as a cortical homunculus of the primary motor cortex and the primary somatosensory cortex, or neural scientific knowledge is used.

The process of movement from the primary motor cortex to muscle is forward direction, and the number of neurons are decrease in this process. The generation of muscle activities are straightforward. In the field of motor control, motor command generation is still open problem. There are many theories are proposed. In order to evaluate or verify these theories, the technique of BMI is also useful. In this chapter, we introduce musculo-skeletal model and computational model for movement, and also some examples of BMI/BCI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R2-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan

    Yasuharu Koike, Hiroyuki Kambara, Natsue Yoshimura & Duk Shin

  2. JST CREST, 4-1-8, Honmachi, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan

    Yasuharu Koike

Authors
  1. Yasuharu Koike
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  2. Hiroyuki Kambara
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  3. Natsue Yoshimura
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  4. Duk Shin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yasuharu Koike .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Systems Neuroscience Section Department of Rehabilitation for Brain Functions, Research Institute of National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities (NRCD), 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8555, Japan

    Kenji Kansaku (Chief) (Chief)

  2. Human Cortical Physiology and Stroke Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1430, USA

    Leonardo G. Cohen (Chief) (Chief)

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Koike, Y., Kambara, H., Yoshimura, N., Shin, D. (2011). Brain–Machine Interfaces Based on Computational Model. In: Kansaku, K., Cohen, L.G. (eds) Systems Neuroscience and Rehabilitation. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54008-3_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54008-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-53998-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-54008-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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