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Plasmid DNA in Mycelial Fungi

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Genetics and Biotechnology

Part of the book series: The Mycota ((MYCOTA,volume 2))

Abstract

The plasmid of Podospora anserina, discovered more than a decade ago (Stahl et al. 1978; Cummings et al. 1979) was the first to be found in a mycelial or filamentous fungus. Since then a large number of plasmids were described and characterized from fungi. Most plasmids are linear, but several are circular, similar to those found in bacteria. Eukaryotic plasmids were paid great attention, mainly based on two assumptions: (1) eukaryotic plasmids were thought to be valuable tools for vector development, based on the widespread use in bacteria (e.g. Esser et al. 1983), and (2) plasmids were believed to be responsible for a number of phenotypes, e.g. senescence in P. anserina. However, a successful vector system has yet to be developed, because most fungal plasmids are mitochondrially localized and mitochondrial transformation is still an obstacle in most species. The second assumption indeed was proven to be correct in some cases (e.g. senescence in P. anserina, for a review see Kück 1989; Osiewacz 1990), while mostly an association of plasmids and a particular phenotype are circumstantial only (e.g. Düve11 et al. 1988). Yet plasmids in mycelial fungi are still promising candidates to work with. Most of them are related to other mobile genetic elements, such as introns, retrotransposons or viruses. Examples are circular plasmids of Neurospora and Podospora, which exhibit similarities to or even resemble introns (Nargang et al. 1984; Osiewacz and Esser 1984; Michel and Lang 1985; Akins et al. 1988). Circular plasmids nevertheless do not form a uniform group. They are apparently of different origin and appear to have unique sequences. In contrast to the circular type, most linear plasmids exhibit viral characteristics with respect to struc­ture, replication and function, and form a much more uniform group, with respect to structure, function and sequence similarity (Kempken et al. 1989; Oeser and Tudzynski 1989; Chan et al. 1991; Court et al. 1991; Rohe et al. 1991; Hermanns and Osiewacz 1992). This fact un­doubedly reflects a common origin of these plasmids, which will be considered in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Botanik, Ruhr-Universität, D-44780, Bochum, Germany

    F. Kempken

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  1. F. Kempken
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  1. Allgemeine Botanik, Ruhr-Universität, D-44780, Bochum, Germany

    Ulrich Kück

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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Kempken, F. (1995). Plasmid DNA in Mycelial Fungi. In: Kück, U. (eds) Genetics and Biotechnology. The Mycota, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10364-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10364-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-10366-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-10364-7

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