The direct intra-arterial method for ambulatory blood pressure recording: present status and future applications

Abstract

The indirect method for blood pressure recording devised by Riva-Rocci has not changed substantially since the first description. The technique is known to be inaccurate and slow-moving, and there are no satisfactory explanations for most of the observed and measured inaccuracies (6, 14). In contrast, the direct methods for measuring blood pressure have steadily increased in accuracy and sophistication, and it is recognised that these techniques are precise and rapid-moving. The direct techniques are the only available methods for accurate recording of blood pressure, and the Oxford technique developed by Scott and his colleagues (1) in the laboratories of Sir Georg Pickering is of particular importance because it remains the only way of obtaining accurate information on blood pressure variability in the ambulant individual subject. The technique has been shown to be safe (10), but it is invasive and this factor limits its application to a few centers engaged in research with the resources to ensure continued safety.