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Transcriptional Control Regions: Nucleotide Sequence Requirements for Initiation by RNA Polymerase II and III

  • Chapter
Initiation Signals in Viral Gene Expression

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 93))

Abstract

Until recently, the nucleotide sequences involved in the initiation of transcription within eukaryotic cells remained a mystery. Now, thanks to a variety of technological advances, it is possible to identify these sequences and appreciate their functions in the transcription process. Cloning technology enables one to isolate and study genes individually. Rapid DNA and RNA sequencing procedures facilitate nucleotide sequence analysis of both the genes and the RNAs they encode. A variety of in vitro mutagenesis protocols makes it possible to direct deletions and single base-pair changes to specific nucleotide sequences. Selection procedures are available to return genes which have been manipulated in vitro to cells for analysis. And, finally, in vitro systems have been developed which accurately transcribe either RNA polymerase II- or polymerase Ill-type genes. Genes can now be isolated, sequenced, mutated, and their transcription studied both in vivo and in vitro. As a result, specific functions in the transcription process can be related to specific nucleotide sequences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Health Sciences Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA

    Thomas Shenk

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  1. Thomas Shenk
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  1. Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, 07110, Nutley, New Jersey, USA

    Aaron J. Shatkin Ph.D. Head

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© 1981 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Shenk, T. (1981). Transcriptional Control Regions: Nucleotide Sequence Requirements for Initiation by RNA Polymerase II and III. In: Shatkin, A.J. (eds) Initiation Signals in Viral Gene Expression. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 93. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68123-3_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68123-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

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