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Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines: Current Vaccines and Future Prospects

  • Chapter
Japanese Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 267))

Abstract

Eighty million children are born annually in countries where Japanese encephalitis (JE) is endemic and epidemic (Table 1). Exposure to JE virus occurs in childhood, and antibody prevalence is 80%–100% in adults. One in 300 persons infected by JE virus becomes ill (Halstead and Grosz 1962). Approximately 35,000 cases of JE are reported annually, but the true incidence is higher due to inadequate surveillance and reporting. The incidence of disease is estimated to range from 1 to 10 cases per 100,000 population in endemic areas, but during epidemics attack rates may exceed 600 per 100,000 (Igarashi 1992; Burke and Leake 1988; Tsai et al. 1999). The incidence of JE appears to be similar to that of Hemophilus influenzae B (Hib) meningitis and to poliomyelitis during the prevaccine era (Tsai 2000).

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  1. Acambis Inc., 38 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    T. P. Monath

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  1. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    John S. Mackenzie

  2. Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch of Galveston, Galveston, 77555-0605, USA

    Alan D. T. Barrett

  3. Centre de Recherche Mérieux Pasteur à Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69365, Lyon cedex 7, France

    Vincent Deubel

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Monath, T.P. (2002). Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines: Current Vaccines and Future Prospects. In: Mackenzie, J.S., Barrett, A.D.T., Deubel, V. (eds) Japanese Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 267. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59403-8_6

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