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Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Study of Cognitively Normal Persons at Differential Genetic Risk for Alzheimer’s Dementia

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The Living Brain and Alzheimer’s Disease

Part of the book series: Research and Perspectives in Alzheimer’s Disease ((ALZHEIMER))

Summary

Patients with Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) have characteristic and progressive reductions in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of the cerebral metabolic rate for glucose and in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of hippocampal and whole brain volume. We have been using PET and MRI to characterize and compare PET and MRI measurements in cognitively normal persons with two copies, one copy, and no copies of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele, a common AD susceptibility gene. This article reviews and updates our previously published PET and MRI findings. It indicates how these imaging techniques could be used to help bridge existing gaps between ante-mortem and post-mortem studies of AD, non-demented persons at risk for AD, and relevant animal models. It suggests how they could provide clues about the earliest brain changes involved in the pathogenesis of AD and assist in the identification of new targets for the discovery of drugs in the treatment and prevention of this disorder. Finally, it describes a brain imaging strategy for the efficient evaluation of prevention therapies, without having to conduct studies in thousands of research subjects, restrict these studies to those who are older or are already symptomatic, or wait many years to determine whether or when treated individuals develop mild cognitive impairment or AD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona (EMR), USA

    Eric M. Reiman

  2. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale (RJC), USA

    Richard J. Caselli

  3. Department of Mathematics (KC), Arizona State University, Good Samaritan Positron Emission Tomography Center (EMR, KC), and Arizona Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium (EMR, RJC, GEA, KC), 1111 East McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85006, USA

    Kewei Chen

  4. Psychology (GEA), Arizona State University, Good Samaritan Positron Emission Tomography Center (EMR, KC), and Arizona Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium (EMR, RJC, GEA, KC), East McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85006, USA

    Gene E. Alexander

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  1. Eric M. Reiman
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  2. Richard J. Caselli
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  3. Kewei Chen
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  4. Gene E. Alexander
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurology Service, Warren 408, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Bradley T. Hyman

  2. Service Neurologie - Inserm U.455, CHU Hôpital Purpan, Place du Dr. Baylac, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 3, France

    Jean-François Demonet

  3. Fondation IPSEN, Pour la Recherche Thérapeutique, 24, rue Erlanger, 75781, Paris Cedex 16, France

    Yves Christen

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Reiman, E.M., Caselli, R.J., Chen, K., Alexander, G.E. (2004). Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Study of Cognitively Normal Persons at Differential Genetic Risk for Alzheimer’s Dementia. In: Hyman, B.T., Demonet, JF., Christen, Y. (eds) The Living Brain and Alzheimer’s Disease. Research and Perspectives in Alzheimer’s Disease. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59300-0_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59300-0_12

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