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General Occurrence of Carbohydrates

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Glycoscience: Chemistry and Chemical Biology I–III

Abstract

Carbohydrates are one of the most abundant and widely distributed organic compounds found on the Earth. They are ubiquitous, being found as important constituents in plants, animals, and microorganisms. They are formed de novo in the process of photosynthesis. The process uses the energy of sunlight to combine carbon dioxide with water to form carbohydrate and molecular oxygen as abbreviated in the following reaction: 6 CO2+6 H2O→C6H12O6+6O2. Carbohydrates thus represent the conservation of the energy of the sun as chemical energy and serve as the major source of energy for nonphotosynthe- sizing organisms. Therefore, they must have been very early products in the evolution of life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Molecular Biology Building, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA

    John F. Robyt

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  1. Natural Products & Glycotechnology, Research Institute Inc., 4118 Swarthmore Road, Durham, NC, 27707, USA

    Bertram O. Fraser-Reid

  2. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169, Japan

    Kuniaki Tatsuta

  3. Institute of Organic Chemistry, University Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany

    Joachim Thiem

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Robyt, J.F. (2001). General Occurrence of Carbohydrates. In: Fraser-Reid, B.O., Tatsuta, K., Thiem, J. (eds) Glycoscience: Chemistry and Chemical Biology I–III. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56874-9_4

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