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SPECT/CT for Thyroid Cancer Imaging

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Clinical Applications of SPECT-CT

Abstract

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in adults, with 44,670 (10,740M:33,930F) newly diagnosed cases reported in the USA in 2010 and 1,690 deaths. The incidence of thyroid cancer continues to rise, with a 2.4-fold increase in incidence since 1975, based largely upon detection of small (≤2 cm) tumors, which represent 87 % of newly diagnosed cases. After initial diagnosis, staging and risk stratification are used to individualize treatment decisions, inform on prognosis for an individual patient, decide on the use of postoperative 131I therapy, and determine the frequency and intensity of follow-up. A growing number of studies confirm that radioiodine 131I SPECT/CT is a powerful diagnostic tool, overcoming many limitations encountered with planar imaging interpretation. SPECT/CT reduces the number of equivocal radioiodine foci encountered in the neck and body and allows more precise characterization of the etiology (benign vs. malignant) of focal radioiodine uptake, contributing to completion of staging in thyroid cancer by improved characterization of N and M scores. The additional information obtained with SPECT/CT impacts management in a significant number of patients. The new technology of SPECT/CT has changed the field and may lead to reassessment of current management protocols and guidelines in thyroid cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, University of Michigan Hospital, 1500 E Medical Center Dr., B1G505G, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Anca M. Avram MD & Ka Kit Wong MBBS

  2. Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Nuclear Medicine Service, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Ka Kit Wong MBBS & Lorraine M. Fig MD, MPH

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  1. Anca M. Avram MD
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  2. Ka Kit Wong MBBS
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  3. Lorraine M. Fig MD, MPH
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Correspondence to Anca M. Avram MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Hans-Jürgen Biersack

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Avram, A.M., Wong, K.K., Fig, L.M. (2014). SPECT/CT for Thyroid Cancer Imaging. In: Ahmadzadehfar, H., Biersack, HJ. (eds) Clinical Applications of SPECT-CT. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35283-6_4

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