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Taxol Producing Fungi

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Natural Products

Abstract

Paclitaxel (Taxol®), a diterpenoid natural product, has emerged as a widely used anticancer drug with its unique mode of action and efficacy against multiple forms of cancers. The fast growing demand in basic research and clinic chemotherapy requires to increase the global supply. Current industrial production of the drug with semisynthesis with the extraction of Taxol precursors from the yew trees cannot meet the market requirement. Thus, alternative techniques have been intensively explored. One of the promising strategies is the use of fungal fermentation for Taxol production. This chapter summarizes the recent advances on the study of Taxol-producing fungi, including its taxonomical diversity of the identified strains, the methods for characterization of fungal Taxol, and the molecular basis and heterogenous biosynthesis of Taxol. Current problems delaying fungal production of Taxol in industry were also discussed.

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Abbreviations

10-DAB III:

10-deacetylbaccatin III

10-DABT:

10-Deacetylbaccatin III-10-O-acetyltransferase

AIDS:

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

BAPT:

C-13 phenylpropanoid side chain-CoA acyltransferase

CIEIA:

Competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay

CNS:

Central nervous system

DBAT:

10-deacetylbaccatin III-10-O-acetyl transferase

DBTNBT:

3′-N-debenzoyl-2′-deoxytaxol N-benzoyltransferase

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

FPP:

Farnesyl diphosphate

GGPP:

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate

GGPPS:

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase

MBC:

Metastatic breast cancer

MEP:

Mevalonate pathway

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

PAM:

Phenylalanine aminomutase

PCF:

Plant cell fermentation

PES:

Paclitaxel-eluting stent

PTX:

Paclitaxel

SM:

Secondary metabolism

TAT:

Taxa-4(20) 11(12)-dien-5α-ol-O-acetyltransferase

TBT:

Taxane 2α-O-benzoyltransferase

THY13α:

Taxane 13α-hydroxylase

THY5α:

Taxane 5α-hydroxylase

TS:

Taxadiene synthase

TSMA:

Taxol-specific monoclonal antibodies

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Key Program of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China

    Xiaoran Hao, Jiao Pan & Prof. Xudong Zhu

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  1. Xiaoran Hao
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  2. Jiao Pan
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  3. Prof. Xudong Zhu
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Correspondence to Xudong Zhu .

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  1. Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Durga Nursery Road, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences, Biological-Active Plant Substances Study, University of Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte CS 50008, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France

    Jean-Michel Mérillon

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Hao, X., Pan, J., Zhu, X. (2013). Taxol Producing Fungi. In: Ramawat, K., Mérillon, JM. (eds) Natural Products. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_124

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