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Nuclear Phosphoinositides and Their Functions

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Phosphoinositides in Subcellular Targeting and Enzyme Activation

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 282))

Abstract

Phosphoinositides are minor components of biological membranes, which have emerged as essential regulators of a variety of cellular processes, both on the plasma membrane and on several intracellular organelles. The versatility of these lipids stems from their ability to function either as substrates for the generation of second messengers, as membrane-anchoring sites for cytosolic proteins or as regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. Despite a vast literature demonstrating the presence of phosphoinositides in the nucleus, only recently has the function(s) of the nuclear pool of these lipids and their soluble analogues, inositol polyphosphates, started to emerge. These compounds have been shown to serve as essential eo-factors for several nuclear processes, including DNA repair, transcription regulation and RNA dynamics. In this light, phosphoinositides and inositol polyphosphates might represent high turnover activity switches for nuclear complexes responsible for these processes. The regulation of these large machineries would be linked to the phosphorylation state of the inositol ring and limited temporally and spatially based on the synthesis and degradation of these molecules.

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Abbreviations

DAG:

Diacylglycerol

IGC:

Interchromatin granule cluster

Ins:

Inositol

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PI:

Phosphoinositides

PIPK:

PtdInsP kinase

PLC:

Phospholipase C

PKC:

Protein kinase C

PtdIns:

Phosphatidylinositol

RNA Pol II:

RNA polymerase II

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular NeuroPathoBiology Laboratory, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, UK

    G. Hammond, C. L. Thomas & G. Schiavo

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  1. G. Hammond
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  2. C. L. Thomas
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  3. G. Schiavo
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  1. Department of Biochemistry, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310, Oslo, Norway

    Harald Stenmark

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Hammond, G., Thomas, C.L., Schiavo, G. (2004). Nuclear Phosphoinositides and Their Functions. In: Stenmark, H. (eds) Phosphoinositides in Subcellular Targeting and Enzyme Activation. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 282. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18805-3_7

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