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Apoptosis Regulator Genes Encoded by Poxviruses

  • Chapter
Viruses and Apoptosis

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((PMSB,volume 36))

Abstract

The Poxviridae family is a large family of double-stranded DNA viruses that infects both vertebrates (Chordopoxvirinae) and invertebrates (Entomopoxvirinae). The Chordopoxvirinae, which infect vertebrates, are subdivided into eight genera: Orthopoxvirus,Parapoxvirus, Avipoxvirus, Capripoxvirus, Leporipoxvirus, Suipoxvirus,Molluscipoxvirus, and Yatapoxvirus. The most famous member of the family is variola virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus and the causative agent of smallpox disease (Smith and McFadden 2002). Smallpox was eradicated from the human population in 1977 through an aggressive vaccination program headed by the World Health Organization. Vaccinia virus, the prototypic member of the poxvirus family belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus, was utilized in the vaccination program and is still widely studied today. Aside from variola virus, the only other member of the family that naturally elicits disease in humans is Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), which causes benign lesions on the skin of infected individuals (Epstein 1992). Other members of the family cause disease in a wide range of animals from rodents to birds to primates. Notable members include: ectromelia virus, which causes a lethal disease in mice; myxoma virus, the causative agent of myxomatosis in rabbits; swinepox virus; monkeypox virus; and fowlpox virus.

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  1. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 671 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada

    M. Barry, S. T. Wasilenko, T. L. Stewart & J. M. Taylor

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  1. Dpt. Biotechnologia, INIA, Ctra. de la Coruña Km 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Covadonga Alonso

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Barry, M., Wasilenko, S.T., Stewart, T.L., Taylor, J.M. (2004). Apoptosis Regulator Genes Encoded by Poxviruses. In: Alonso, C. (eds) Viruses and Apoptosis. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 36. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74264-7_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74264-7_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74263-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74264-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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