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Prevention and Clinical Management of Cardiovascular Damage Induced by Anticancer Drugs: Need for Early Biomarkers and Cardio- and Vasculoprotection in Personalized Therapy

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Cardiovascular Complications in Cancer Therapy

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Pathology ((CCPATH))

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Abstract

The use of chemotherapy has largely improved the prognosis of cancer patients in the past two decades. However, the advent of more effective anticancer therapies has led to a higher incidence of cardiovascular toxicity that shows an increased incidence and represents a significant determinant of quality of life and mortality during ongoing treatment and in long-term survivors of cancer. In this setting, the primary objective for cardiologists and oncologists is the early identification of patients at high risk for developing cardiovascular toxicity and the identification of the cardiovascular cardiotoxicity in the earliest stages to personalize cancer therapy, arrange preventive interventions, and implement cardioprotective treatment.

Recently, there is growing interest on the “omics” technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, which allow the description of a large number of molecular features and have the potential to identify new factors that contribute to cardiac and endothelial function and how they interact. These technologies could play a pivotal role in unraveling the pathophysiology of vascular damage induced by anticancer treatment, in predicting the cardiovascular damage, and in monitoring individual responses to antineoplastic drugs. Leveraging multi-omics may better individuate the highly sensitive biomarkers of developing cardiovascular toxicity and further the goal of precision medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, University Cardiology, Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine – CESI-MeT, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy

    Rosalinda Madonna

  2. Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Francesca Macaione

  3. Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    Peter Ferdinandy

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  1. Rosalinda Madonna
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  2. Francesca Macaione
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  3. Peter Ferdinandy
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Antonio Russo

  2. University of Palermo, School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy

    Giuseppina Novo

  3. Department of Cardiology, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium

    Patrizio Lancellotti

  4. Temple University College of Science and Technology, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Antonio Giordano

  5. Cardiology Department, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Fausto J. Pinto

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Madonna, R., Macaione, F., Ferdinandy, P. (2019). Prevention and Clinical Management of Cardiovascular Damage Induced by Anticancer Drugs: Need for Early Biomarkers and Cardio- and Vasculoprotection in Personalized Therapy. In: Russo, A., Novo, G., Lancellotti, P., Giordano, A., Pinto, F. (eds) Cardiovascular Complications in Cancer Therapy. Current Clinical Pathology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93402-0_19

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