Abstract
There are many concepts and ideas regarding what happiness may mean, but it certainly is a major goal of human beings. In the past, the concept of Gross National Product (GNP) was an important social innovation for capturing economic activity. A higher material living standard enabled people to lead better and healthier lives. Many people have a romantic view of the quality of life in previous centuries. However, people living in those times had no access to material things nowadays taken for granted. Similarly, goods and services that are generally available in the developed world may be inaccessible for many in the developing world. Today, it is no longer assumed that higher material wealth automatically leads to higher life satisfaction. There are many other factors that determine happiness beyond purely material aspects. It is important to deal with the fundamental questions of how much material consumption contributes to our happiness and which factors above and beyond material aspects determine human well-being.
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Literature
Surveys of happiness research are available in the following books.
The economic perspective is given in:
Clark, Andrew E., Sarah Flèche, Richard Layard, Nattavudh Powdthavee, and George Ward. 2017. The Origins of Happiness. The Science of Well-Being over the Life Course. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Frey, Bruno S., and Alois Stutzer. 2002a. Happiness and Economics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Frey, Bruno S. 2008. Happiness—A Revolution in Economics. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Layard, Richard. 2005. Happiness: Lessons from a New Science. London: Penguin.
The psychological perspective is presented in:
Diener, Ed and Robert Biswas-Diener. 2008. Happiness: Unlocking the Mysteries of Psychological Wealth. New York: Wiley.
Gilbert, Daniel. 2005. Stumbling on Happiness. New York: Knopf.
Kahneman, Daniel, Ed Diener, and Norbert Schwarz (eds.). 1999. Well-Being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Survey articles in academic journals and handbooks include:
Dolan, Paul, Tessa Peasgood, and Mathew White. 2008. Do We Really Know What Makes Us Happy? A Review of the Economic Literature on the Factors Associated with Subjective Well-being. Journal of Economic Psychology 29 (1): 94–122.
Frey, Bruno S., and Alois Stutzer. 2002b. What Can Economists Learn from Happiness Research? Journal of Economic Literature 40 (2): 402–435.
Various articles are collected in:
Bruni, Luigino, and Pier Luigi Porta (eds.). 2005. Economics and Happiness. Framing the Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
David, Susan A., Ilona Boniwell, and Amanda Conley Ayers (eds.). 2017. The Oxford Handbook of Happiness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Easterlin, Richard (ed.). 2002. Happiness in Economics. Cheltenham UK: Edward Elgar.
Frey, Bruno S., and Alois Stutzer (eds.). 2013. Recent Developments in the Economics of Happiness. Cheltenham UK: Edward Elgar.
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Frey, B.S. (2018). Happiness as a Goal of Human Beings. In: Economics of Happiness. SpringerBriefs in Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75807-7_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75807-7_1
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