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Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Mexican Forest Trees

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Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 17))

Abstract

Over the last 200 years, humans have impacted the genetic diversity of forest trees. Because of widespread deforestation and over-exploitation, about 9000 tree species are listed worldwide as threatened with extinction, including more than half of the ~600 known conifer taxa. A comprehensive review of the floristic-taxonomic literature compiled a list of 4331 recorded tree species in Mexico. The highest diversity of pine and oak worldwide is located in the Mexican temperate forests. Because species and genetic diversity are often positively associated, a very high trans-specific genetic diversity in Mexican tree species is thus expected. Contrasting with its high species and genus richness, studies of genetic diversity in Mexican forest trees are rather scarce, and often biased to particular families, like the Pinaceae. Moreover, even within those particular families the available surveys have a penchant for specific genus. The markers used in most of these studies include the traditional and “universal” isozymes and chloroplast microsatellites and, to a lesser extent, the anonymous SSRs, AFLPs, and RAPDs. More studies on more varied taxa and using more advanced technologies and markers seem thus necessary. Because of the poor comparability of the genetic diversity estimates among the studied Mexican tree species, it is extremely difficult to discern general trends across species or regions. We thus recommend that genetic diversity should be measured across species with an identical type of genetic marker, by surveying similar numbers of loci, individuals and populations, and using identical indices of genetic diversity, relevant to conservation of trees.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by joint funding from the Mexican Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) and the Ministry of Education (SEP) (SEP-CONACyT: Project CB-2010-01 158054 to CW and CB-2010-153305-B to JPJC; CONACyT: postdoctoral fellowship in Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera, Durango, Mexico to SDRML). This paper is an undertaking of the Forest Genetic Resources Working Group/North American Forest Commission/Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de La Madera, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Aptdo. Postal 741 Zona Centro, Durango, Dgo, C.P. 34000, Mexico

    Christian Wehenkel, Samantha del Rocío Mariscal-Lucero & Carlos Antonio López-Sánchez

  2. Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior S/N. Apartado Postal 70-275, Coyoacán, CDMX, 04510, Mexico

    Juan Pablo Jaramillo-Correa

  3. Programa Forestal, Colegio de Postgraduados, Km. 36.5 Carretera México-Texcoco Montecillo Edo. de México, Puebla, C.P. 56230, Mexico

    J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández

  4. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Km 9.5 Carr. Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Tarímbaro Michoacán, 58880, Mexico

    Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero

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  1. Christian Wehenkel
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Correspondence to Christian Wehenkel .

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  1. Formerly Forestry Consultant, Zobel Forestry Associates, New Paltz, New York, USA

    M. R. Ahuja

  2. University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    S. Mohan Jain

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Wehenkel, C., Mariscal-Lucero, S.d.R., Jaramillo-Correa, J.P., López-Sánchez, C.A., Vargas-Hernández, J.J., Sáenz-Romero, C. (2017). Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Mexican Forest Trees. In: Ahuja, M., Jain, S. (eds) Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66426-2_2

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