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Rock Motion Characterization

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An Overview of the SIGMA Research Project

Part of the book series: Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering ((GGEE,volume 42))

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Abstract

As stated in Chap. 2, rock (as well as soil) ground motion characterization for PSHA requires that both the median response spectral acceleration and its standard deviation (aleatory variability) be estimated by appropriate algorithms, such as GMPEs or stochastic models. In Sect. 2.5 of Chap. 2 the logic tree approach was introduced for handling epistemic uncertainty, pointing out that the dynamic characteristics of the earthquake source and wave propagation near the site are typical sources of uncertainty in ground-motion prediction. Some implications for the logic tree treatment of epistemic uncertainty of rock ground motion will be discussed at the end of this chapter.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A reliable attribution to the rock site category requires measured V S30, as attributions based on field survey or geological maps are likely to be inaccurate.

  2. 2.

    For continents other than Europe one can consult the maps in EPRI, Vol. 5.

  3. 3.

    The main difference being of course that for T → 0 the response spectral ratio tends to the PGA ratio, where T is the structural period.

  4. 4.

    The inverse of the corner frequency can be taken as duration at short source distances (<10 km), while for larger distances a path duration equal to 0.05 × (epicentral distance), in s, can be added, see Al Atik et al. (2014).

  5. 5.

    Because only two borehole stations on rock are present in the Euroseistest array.

  6. 6.

    Updated evaluations, benefitting from recent (2013–2015) recordings of N Apennines earthquakes with M L ≥ 4 (posterior to the SIGMA analyses) have substantially lessened the single-path dependence of earlier data and exhibit substantial stability in the δS2S and ϕ ss,s values shown herein (presentation by Lanzano et al. at SIGMA final Symposium, November 2015).

  7. 7.

    Note that, in the US NRC RG 1.208, the number of standard deviations chosen for the sigma truncation level is denoted as “epsilon”.

  8. 8.

    In this respect, it should be mentioned that the often used 2/3 factor for the V/H ratio may underestimate the vertical ground motion, according to recent measurements and evaluations (see e.g. Edwards et al. 2011; Poggi et al. 2012; Nagashima et al. 2014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AP Consultant, Sceaux, France

    Alain Pecker

  2. Studio Geotecnico Italiano, Milan, Italy

    Ezio Faccioli

  3. Izmir, Turkey

    Aybars Gurpinar

  4. Geoter-Fugro, Auriol, France

    Christophe Martin

  5. Swissnuclear, Olten, Switzerland

    Philippe Renault

Authors
  1. Alain Pecker
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  2. Ezio Faccioli
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  3. Aybars Gurpinar
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  4. Christophe Martin
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  5. Philippe Renault
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Pecker, A., Faccioli, E., Gurpinar, A., Martin, C., Renault, P. (2017). Rock Motion Characterization. In: An Overview of the SIGMA Research Project. Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering, vol 42. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58154-5_4

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