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Cell Signaling and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Mesothelioma

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Asbestos and Mesothelioma

Part of the book series: Current Cancer Research ((CUCR))

Abstract

Malignant mesotheliomas are a histologically diverse, polyclonal group of tumors arising most commonly in the pleura and to a lesser extent in the peritoneum, pericardium, and tunica vaginalis testis. They are primarily associated with exposures to naturally occurring mineral fibers including asbestos, erionite, and fluoro-edenite, although radiation- and chronic inflammation-associated as well as idiopathic mesotheliomas occur. Integrated analyses of pleural mesotheliomas have shown heterogeneous mutations in tumor suppressor genes, stimulation of multiple signaling cascades and transcription factors, and, most recently, epigenetic alterations that are defined as heritable and/or reversible changes in gene expression without changes in the DNA sequence. This review focuses on the epigenetic mechanisms reported in studies on mesotheliomas and mesothelial cells, emphasizing research that has linked these changes to critical survival and proliferative pathways in the development of mesotheliomas. This information is critical to understanding how key epigenetic effects modulate the carcinogenic process and will allow new strategies to prevent and treat mesotheliomas.

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Acknowledgments

Research on cell signaling in the Mossman laboratory has been supported by grants from NHLBI (P01 HL67004), NCI (P01 CA11407, M. Carbone, PI), and NIEHS (T32 ES00712). Jennifer Díaz (UVM) provided secretarial support for this chapter, and Maximilian MacPherson (UVM) assisted with figure preparation.

Dedication

This chapter is dedicated to all patients with malignant mesotheliomas with the hope that new information here will be translated to the design of novel treatments.

Declaration of Interests

The author has consulted with both plaintiff and defense lawyers and has been an expert witness in cosmetic talc litigation.

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  1. University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA

    Brooke T. Mossman

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  1. Brooke T. Mossman
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Correspondence to Brooke T. Mossman .

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  1. Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Joseph R. Testa

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Mossman, B.T. (2017). Cell Signaling and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Mesothelioma. In: Testa, J. (eds) Asbestos and Mesothelioma. Current Cancer Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53560-9_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53560-9_10

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