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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Nano-Drug Delivery Systems

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Intracellular Delivery III

Part of the book series: Fundamental Biomedical Technologies ((FBMT))

Abstract

Incorporation of drugs into nano-drug delivery systems (nano-DDSs) leads to profound changes in their disposition (distribution and elimination) and pharmacological activity (magnitude of desired and adverse effects). Nano-DDSs of different types (liposomes, particles, drug conjugates, etc.) and of different composition are intensively investigated nowadays in pre-clinical and clinical settings. Specifically, the relationships between the nano-DDSs composition, efficiency of their targeting to the intended site of action, and the magnitude of the desired vs. adverse effects are examined. In this chapter, the pathways of nano-DDSs disposition at the systemic, local, and intracellular levels are described, and the formulation properties that affect the drug targeting efficiency at each of these levels are discussed. Complexity of the nano-DDSs disposition pathways and limitations of drug targeting approaches are illustrated using specific examples: (1) delivery of antigenic peptides to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the antigen presenting cells using PLGA-based nano-DDSs for the purpose of anti-cancer vaccination, (2) delivery of analgesic peptides to the brain using bolavesicle-based nano-DDSs.

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Abbreviations

AChE:

Acetylcholine esterase

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

B-CSF-B:

Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier

CNS:

Central nervous system

DC:

Dendritic cell

DDS:

Drug delivery system

EPR:

Enhanced permeability and retention effect

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

PD:

Pharmacodynamics

PK:

Pharmacokinetics

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Acknowledgements

We want to thank our collaborators in the bolavesicle project: Prof. Eli Heldman, Dr. Sarina Grinberg, and Prof. Charles Linder from the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. The experimental results presented in this chapter were generated with support of research grants from the Israel Science Foundation, the USA-Israel Binational Science Foundation, Prof. Yannai Tabb Cancer Research Foundation, and the Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Israeli Council for Higher Education for Outstanding Post-doctoral Fellows from China and India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 653, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Amit Ranjan Maity & David Stepensky

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  1. Amit Ranjan Maity
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  2. David Stepensky
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Correspondence to David Stepensky .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

    Aleš Prokop

  2. Pharmaceutical Sciences, Midwestern University Pharmaceutical Sciences, GLENDALE, Arizona, USA

    Volkmar Weissig

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Maity, A.R., Stepensky, D. (2016). Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Nano-Drug Delivery Systems. In: Prokop, A., Weissig, V. (eds) Intracellular Delivery III. Fundamental Biomedical Technologies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43525-1_14

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