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Nuclear Dismantling Events: Crucial Steps During the Execution of Plant Programmed Cell Death

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Plant Programmed Cell Death

Abstract

Programmed cell death (PCD) is an important process in the life cycle of multicellular organisms, which has the relevant function of eliminating unneeded or damaged cells. In response to either internal or external signals, cells that will undergo PCD begin a degenerative process in which the nucleus becomes the major target of the machinery of cell death. In this review, we summarize the key features that characterize nucleus dismantling in plant cells undergoing PCD, focusing on the similarities and differences with their animal counterparts. Taking into account morphological and biochemical events, two types of nuclear dismantling processes may be distinguished, termed premortem and postmortem, depending on whether nucleus degeneration begins before or after vacuolar rupture and rapid clearance of the cell contents. Premortem nucleus dismantling includes events affecting the nuclear envelope (such as lobbing of the nuclear surface, selective proteolysis of nucleoporins, and nuclear pore complex clustering), chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation. The postmortem process is so rapid that a sequence of events during cellular disintegration has not been identified. Finally, critical targets that may be of relevance in nuclear dismantling research in the future are discussed.

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Abbreviations

DAPI:

4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

INM:

Inner nuclear membrane

KASH:

Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne-1 homology

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

NPC:

Nuclear pore complex

Nup:

Nucleoporin

ONM:

Outer nuclear membrane

PCD:

Programmed cell death

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SIPK:

Salicylic acid-induced protein kinase

SUN protein:

Sad1/UNC84 protein

TE:

Tracheid element

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Acknowledgments

Work in our laboratory is supported by European Regional Development Fund-cofinanced grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BIO2010-15430) and Junta de Andalucía (BIO-182 and CVI-5919).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain

    Fernando Domínguez & Francisco Javier Cejudo

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  1. Fernando Domínguez
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  2. Francisco Javier Cejudo
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Correspondence to Francisco Javier Cejudo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Arunika N. Gunawardena

  2. School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Paul F. McCabe

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Domínguez, F., Cejudo, F.J. (2015). Nuclear Dismantling Events: Crucial Steps During the Execution of Plant Programmed Cell Death. In: Gunawardena, A.N., McCabe, P.F. (eds) Plant Programmed Cell Death. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21033-9_7

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