Nanotechnology Approaches for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunomodulation

de la Fuente, María; Langer, Robert; Alonso, Maria José

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08084-0_8

María de la Fuente⁴,
Robert Langer⁵ &
Maria José Alonso⁶

Part of the book series: Advances in Delivery Science and Technology ((ADST))

1428 Accesses
2 Citations
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Abstract

Difficulties in the development of new effective oncological therapies have been related to the multiple cellular components involved in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and dissemination. It has become clear that the immune system plays a critical role by keeping potentially tumorigenic cells under surveillance and determining their response to specific cancer therapies. The improved understanding of how the immune system influences cancer has led to the concept of immunotherapy and immunomodulation of cancer. Active immunotherapy, or therapeutic vaccination, involves stimulation of the immune system so that it recognizes specific tumor antigens. Passive immunotherapy refers to the administration of monoclonal antibodies with the ability to interact with specific cell receptors, which are functionally implicated in oncogenesis. More recently, the idea of manipulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment both with classical or advanced nucleic acid-based drugs is gaining increasing importance and is expected to represent a breakthrough in cancer treatment. The full exploitation of these immune-based approaches will depend on the availability of adequate delivery strategies for the respective active compounds. Nanotechnology, enabling the controlled delivery of a range of active molecules (tumor antigens, antibodies, small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids) to the target cells (tumor or immunocompetent cells), may represent the key to a success of these oncological therapies. In this chapter, we present an overview of the potential of biodegradable nanostructures towards this goal.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the support given by the Carlos III Health Institute, Spain (Miguel Servet Program CP12/03150), EuroNanoMed 2013 (053 NICHE), and U54-CA151884.

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Nano-oncologicals Laboratory, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) and Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
María de la Fuente
Department of Chemical, Biological and Mechanical Engineering, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA
Robert Langer
Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
Maria José Alonso

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Robert Langer
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Correspondence to Maria José Alonso .

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Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and the Health Research Institute of Santiago de, Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Maria José Alonso
Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and the Health Research Institute of Santiago de, Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Marcos Garcia-Fuentes

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de la Fuente, M., Langer, R., Alonso, M.J. (2014). Nanotechnology Approaches for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunomodulation. In: Alonso, M., Garcia-Fuentes, M. (eds) Nano-Oncologicals. Advances in Delivery Science and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08084-0_8

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08084-0_8
Published: 06 September 2014
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