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Weibliche Harninkontinenz — Urologie, Gynäkologie und Gender

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Gender Medizin
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Weibliche Harninkontinenz ist ein Symptombild, für das sich sowohl Urologie als auch Gynäkologie als medizinische Fachdisziplinen zuständig fühlen. Betroffene mit dem Symptom Harninkontinenz werden in der Versorgungsrealität überwiegend von Allgemein- und Praktischen Ärzten versorgt. Daher eignet sich dieses Symptombild, um den Umgang mit Gender-Aspekten durch die beteiligten Fachdisziplinen etwas näher zu analysieren. Die Urologie benennt neben Harnorganen beider Geschlechter die männlichen Geschlechtsorgane als spezifische Zielorgane. In der Laienpresse wird die Urologie häufig als Männermedizin bezeichnet, Urologen werden als Männerärzte beschrieben. Die Gynäkologie, als Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, versteht sich als„Medizin der Frau“. Geschlechtsbezogene anatomische und physiologische Grundlagen gehören zur Definition dieser beiden medizinischen Fachgebiete. Das Problem der weiblichen Harninkontinenz unter Berücksichtigung urologischer Aspekte adressiert aus gynäkologischer Sicht die Urogynäkologie. Innerhalb der Urologie hat sich ein zunehmendes Interesse an der„Urologie der Frau“ etabliert. In Form eines Arbeitskreises„Urologische Funktionsdiagnostik und Urologie der Frau“ werden frauenbezogene Fragen seit den späten 1970er Jahren in Deutschland urologisch diskutiert. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für ASIgemeinmedizin hat 2004 mit der Veröffentlichung einer Leitlinie zum Thema Harninkontinenz die Bedeutung des Symptoms in der Hausarztpraxis dokumentiert. Gender-Aspekte werden in dieser Leitlinie am Rande angesprochen. Ein bewusster Umgang mitgeschiechtsspezifischen Aspekten, der über die Beachtung anatomischer und vordergründiger physiologischer Unterschiede hinausgeht, steckt jedoch erst in den Anfängen.

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Niederstadt, C.J. (2008). Weibliche Harninkontinenz — Urologie, Gynäkologie und Gender. In: Rieder, A., Lohff, B. (eds) Gender Medizin. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-68290-6_20

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