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Immune Regulation of Adipose Tissue Browning

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Essential Aspects of Immunometabolism in Health and Disease

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Abstract

Adipose tissue is composed by adipocytes and stromal-vascular cells that include a wide variety of immune cells. The proportion of these cells in the tissue, their intrinsic characteristics, their degree of differentiation and activation, as well as their crosstalk determine the function of the fat depot and how it impacts the risk of metabolic diseases. While white adipocytes have the capacity to accumulate triglycerides and serve as a reservoir of energy for the organism, brown adipocytes have the potential to use large amounts of substrates like glucose and lipids to fuel uncoupled respiration and generate heat. Conversion of white fat into brown-like fat occurs mainly in subcutaneous adipose depots where beige adipocytes are recruited in response to cold, exercise, caloric restriction and other stimuli. This process is called browning. Immune cells and their secreted molecules have been shown to control the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue and elicit white to beige adipocyte conversion in the white adipose tissue. In this chapter we discuss the studies that have described the association between immune cells, immune mediators and the induction of a thermogenic phenotype in adipose tissue.

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Acknowledgements

A.L.R., L.O.L., and M.A.M. are funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2017/01184-9, 2017/07975-8, 2016/12294-7 and 2017/08264-8). T.J.S. is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG; SCHU 2445/5-1 and SCHU 2445/6-2), the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the State of Brandenburg (DZD grant # 82DZD00302 and FKZ 82DZD0038G).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Andréa L. Rocha, Luiz Osório Leiria & Marcelo A. Mori

  2. German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Potsdam, Germany

    Tim J. Schulz

  3. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

    Tim J. Schulz

  4. Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany

    Tim J. Schulz

  5. Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil

    Luiz Osório Leiria

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  1. Andréa L. Rocha
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  2. Luiz Osório Leiria
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  3. Tim J. Schulz
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  4. Marcelo A. Mori
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Correspondence to Marcelo A. Mori .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara

  2. Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Jose C Alves-Filho

  3. Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Pedro Manoel Mendes de Moraes-Vieira

  4. Bernardo’s Lab, Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, Brazil

    Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira

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Rocha, A.L., Leiria, L.O., Schulz, T.J., Mori, M.A. (2022). Immune Regulation of Adipose Tissue Browning. In: Camara, N.O.S., Alves-Filho, J.C., Moraes-Vieira, P.M.M.d., Andrade-Oliveira, V. (eds) Essential Aspects of Immunometabolism in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86684-6_11

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