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Strigolactones for Sustainable Plant Growth and Production Under Adverse Environmental Conditions

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Plant Performance Under Environmental Stress

Abstract

Environmental factors impair plant growth and development, and cause a massive reduction in agricultural production globally. Naturally, plants are sessile and encounter various environmental stresses such as salinity, drought, temperature nutrient deficiency, and biotic soil environment. Plants have developed complex signaling mechanisms to cope with these stresses, consisting of several elements, including phytohormones. Recently, Strigolactones (SLs) have emerged as a driving force, regulating plant growth and developmental processes, and play a vital role in addressing environmental stresses. At first, SLs were identified as harmful agents for plants due to their restorative role in the seed development of parasitic plants; however, a beneficial role in plant growth and development was discovered later on. Therefore, SLs are considered as crucial hormones for maintaining plant architecture by modulating root and shoot generation in response to several stresses. Nevertheless, the engineering of regulation and biosynthesis of the SLs pathway makes it a more suitable hormone to develop genetically manipulated plants with improved environmental stress tolerance. Here, we have discussed the biosynthesis of SLs and their regulatory role in response to various stresses. Knowledge of the signaling mechanisms of SLs could be useful for future crop improvement programs.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

AM:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal

AR:

Adventitious root

CAT:

Catalase

CCD:

CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE

CKs:

Cytokinins

CL:

Carlactone

CLA:

Carlactonoic acid

CRISPR/Cas9:

Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats

DMBQ:

2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone

DSBs:

Double-stranded breaks

ET:

Ethylene

FHY3:

FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3

GAID1:

Gibberellic Acid Insisitive Dwarf 1

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GSH:

Glutathione

H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide

HIFs:

Haustorium inducing factors

JA:

Jasmonic acid

KAI2:

KAR-insensitive 2

KARs:

Karrikins

LBO:

LATERAL BRANCHING OXIDOREDUCTASE

LJ:

Lamina joint

MeJA:

Methyl jasmonate

N:

Nitrogen

NAA:

N-acetylaspartate

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

NPA:

N-1-naphthyphalmic acid

P:

Phosphorus

PAT:

Polar auxin transport

PGRs:

Plant growth regulators

POD:

Peroxidase

RBOH:

RESPIRATOTY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

S:

Sulfates

SA:

Salicylic acid

SCF:

SkpCullin-F-box

SLs:

Strigolactones

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TALENs:

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases

TF:

Transcription factors

TPL:

TOPLESS

TPR:

TPL RELATED

ZFNs:

Zinc finger nuclease

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China

    Ali Raza

  2. Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Rida Javed

  3. Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan

    Zainab Zahid

  4. Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China

    Rahat Sharif

  5. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China

    Muhammad Bilal Hafeez

  6. Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CAS-AFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zubair Ghouri

  7. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Umar Nawaz

  8. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Manzer H. Siddiqui

Authors
  1. Ali Raza
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  2. Rida Javed
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  3. Zainab Zahid
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  4. Rahat Sharif
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  5. Muhammad Bilal Hafeez
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  6. Muhammad Zubair Ghouri
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  7. Muhammad Umar Nawaz
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  8. Manzer H. Siddiqui
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia

    Azamal Husen

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Raza, A. et al. (2021). Strigolactones for Sustainable Plant Growth and Production Under Adverse Environmental Conditions. In: Husen, A. (eds) Plant Performance Under Environmental Stress . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78521-5_6

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