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Role of Cyclodextrins in Nanoparticle-Based Systems for Drug Delivery

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The History of Cyclodextrins

Part of the book series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World ((ECSW,volume 52))

Abstract

Pharmaceutical products continue to be developed for improved patient compliance, but the issue of hydrophobicity, low permeability, short half-life, and stability of various drugs always has been a challenging task for formulation development. Conventional formulations lack the features of prolong release of drug over an extended period of time and site-specific action. To resolve these issues, cyclodextrin has emerged as an exceptional pharmaceutical excipient with the features of bioavailability, nontoxicity, inclusion ability, and water solubility. Additionally, nanoparticles overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional formulations such as prolong release and site-specific action of active molecules. Cyclodextrins and chemically altered cyclodextrins in combination with certain polymers have sparked various researchers for exceptional advancements in the field of novel drug delivery. More recently, these substances have been incorporated in polymer systems to develop nanoparticles. Cyclodextrin conjugated nanoparticles offer synergistic advantages such as enhanced drug solubility, served as drug carriers to a specific target site such as cancer cells with minimum toxicity to normal cells, greater surface area over microparticles, and higher stability over liposomes. Accordingly, nanoparticles based on cyclodextrins have gained notable interest, and a variety of nanoparticles have been developed since the last two decades.

This chapter review major critical research on cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles to explain their versatility and high potential for advanced drug delivery, protein and peptide drug delivery, and gene delivery. This chapter also highlights the role of cyclodextrins in specific types of nanoparticles such as gold, silver, and magnetic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanoparticles. Finally, pharmaceutical applications of amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles and miscellaneous administration routes of cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles are also discussed.

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Abbreviations

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

MCF-7:

Michigan Cancer Foundation-7

MDR1:

Multidrug resistance protein 1

mRNA:

Messenger ribonucleic acid

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

siRNA:

Small interfering ribonucleic acid

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Pandey, A. (2020). Role of Cyclodextrins in Nanoparticle-Based Systems for Drug Delivery. In: Crini, G., Fourmentin, S., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) The History of Cyclodextrins. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 52. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49308-0_7

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