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Carotenoids and Bone Health

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Carotenoids: Structure and Function in the Human Body

Abstract

Carotenoids are symmetrical tetraprenoid units consisting of highly unsaturated liner C40 hydrocarbon chains as key structural element. Epidemiological studies suggest a direct relationship with higher ingestion of carotenoids containing foods and reduced chances of osteoporosis. Bone remodeling is continuous process controlled by osteoclasts and osteoblasts. The inequality in bone remolding leads to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis decreases bone mass and transformation in bone configuration. Oxidative stress induces apoptosis of osteocytes and osteoblasts and escalates osteoclastogenesis leading to bone resorption. Lot of studies suggest potential capacity of carotenoids in inhibiting bone loss by reducing oxidative stress. The chapter discusses their mechanics and kinetics in various bone disorders and describes various limitations in the cure and avoidance of bone diseases.

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Funding

This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University through the Fast-track Research Funding Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Sheringal, Pakistan

    Muhammad Riaz

  3. Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Alotaibi O. Modhi

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Correspondence to Alotaibi O. Modhi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq

  2. Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India

    Saikat Dewanjee

  3. Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir Upper, Pakistan

    Muhammad Riaz

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Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Riaz, M., Modhi, A.O. (2021). Carotenoids and Bone Health. In: Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Dewanjee, S., Riaz, M. (eds) Carotenoids: Structure and Function in the Human Body. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46459-2_21

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