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Nanomaterials as Toxic Gas Sensors and Biosensors

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Nanosensor Technologies for Environmental Monitoring

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

Abstract

Nanosized particles in the size range 1–100 nm are emerging as an alternative to conventional particles in technological applications. This is due to their small size, which presents them with a great surface area to volume ratio. This unique property of nanomaterials along with the capacity to tune important physicochemical characteristics, such as molecular detection capabilities, based on size and morphology has increased their utilization for novel and improved gas sensor development in various fields of application. Most gases, above their exposure threshold concentration level, can be toxic to humans and the environment.

The improved gas detection ability of nanomaterials along with the potential to synthesize them via green methods promotes their use in sustainable sensor development for noxious gas detection. The present chapter discusses examples of nanomaterials that are used to fabricate sensors with the ability to detect toxic gases and biological molecules. In addition, the drawbacks of nanomaterials as sensors, and the efficiency and limitations of green synthesized nanomaterials for sustainable toxic gas detection and biosensing applications are also discussed.

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Abbreviations

Al2O3 :

Aluminium oxide

AuNPs:

Gold nanoparticles

BRET :

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer

CdSe:

Cadmium selenide

CEA :

Carcinoembryonic antigen

CeO2 :

Cerium dioxide

CHS:

Chondroitin sulfate

CNMs:

Carbon nanomaterials

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CPE :

Carbon paste electrode

CRET:

Chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer

CTCs:

Circulating tumor cells

CV :

Cyclic voltammetry

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EIS :

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

EMF:

Electromotive force

FETs:

Field effect transistors

Gly:

Glyphosate

GO:

Graphene oxide

GOx :

Glucose oxidase enzyme

GR:

Graphene

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

H2S:

Hydrogen sulfide

Hb :

Hemoglobin

hCG :

Human chorionic gonadotropin

HOPG :

Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite

IL-6 :

Interleukin-6

LbL:

Layer-by-layer

MgO:

Magnesium oxide

MnO2 NPs :

Manganese dioxide NPs

MNPs :

Metal nanoparticles

MWNTs:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

NADH :

Nicotinamide–adenine dinucleotide

NH3 :

Ammonia

NiOx:

Nickel oxide

NIR:

Near infrared

NO:

Nitrogen oxide

NPs:

Nanoparticles

PAH :

Poly (allylamine hydrochloride)

PAni:

Polyaniline

PEDOT:

Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEI:

Polyethyleneimine

PNA :

Peptide nucleic acid

POC :

Point-of-care

PPy:

Polypyrrole

PSA :

Prostate-specific antigen

PSS:

Poly (styrene sulfonate)

PSS:

Polystyrene sulfonate

Pt :

Platinum

PTh:

Polythiophene

PVP :

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

QCM:

Quartz crystal microbalance

QDs :

Quantum dots

RNAs:

Ribonucleic acid

SAW:

Surface acoustic wave

SnO2 :

Tin dioxide

SPANI:

Poly (anilinesulfonic acid)

ssDNA:

Single-stranded DNA

STW:

Surface transverse wave

SWNTs:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

TiO2 :

Titanium dioxide

TMF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

USD:

United States Dollars

UV:

Ultraviolet

VOCs :

Volatile organic compounds

WO3 :

Tungsten oxide

ZnO:

Zinc oxide

ZnS:

Zinc sulfide

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge their respective departments for their support while drafting this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Jaison Jeevanandam

  2. Center for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Abirami Kaliyaperumal

  3. Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Mohanarangan Sundararam

  4. Chemical Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN, USA

    Michael K. Danquah

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  1. Jaison Jeevanandam
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  2. Abirami Kaliyaperumal
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  3. Mohanarangan Sundararam
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  4. Michael K. Danquah
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Correspondence to Michael K. Danquah .

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  1. Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Inamuddin

  2. Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Asiri

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Jeevanandam, J., Kaliyaperumal, A., Sundararam, M., Danquah, M.K. (2020). Nanomaterials as Toxic Gas Sensors and Biosensors. In: Inamuddin, Asiri, A. (eds) Nanosensor Technologies for Environmental Monitoring. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45116-5_13

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