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Phytonanomedicines as Topical Alternatives for the Treatment of Skin Cancer

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Nanoformulations in Human Health

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Abstract

The global incidence of skin cancer has increased dramatically in recent years. It is viewed as the most widespread form of malignant disease in the world, particularly in the United States. Surgery or radiotherapy has taken the first place among the treatment modalities for skin tumors. However, to improve patient compliance and to lessen undesirable scars and surgical expenses, especially where malignant growth has spread over maximum body parts, the topical route for anticancer moieties has been investigated by researchers. Further, this mode of delivery of anticancer moieties is an appealing approach for circumventing side effects and for improving therapeutic benefits and drug targeting. In the last few years, efforts of the scientific community have been toward the discovery of effective and new chemopreventive agents from natural origin. Literature reports show that a multitude of phytoconstituents have been investigated (in vitro and in vivo) for their potential to prevent carcinogenesis via diverse cellular as well as molecular approaches. One of the most active research domains relates to nanomedicine, which applies nanotechnology to highly precise medical interventions, including cancer. Nanomedicine possesses a broad potential to enhance the selective targeting of neoplastic cells by preferential delivery of agents to tumors, owing to the improved permeability and drug retention. Nanocarriers can also ameliorate the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, enhance the bioavailability, increase drug half-life by controlling immunogenicity, and enhance pharmacokinetics and reduce drug metabolism. They can also allow an adjustable release of therapeutic agents and the simultaneous administration of two or more drugs. By administering the drug doses, it is also possible to reduce related side effects and improve the patients’ compliance. The present chapter will briefly discuss conventional modalities for the treatment of skin cancer. The aim of this chapter is to furnish a comprehensive account of the nanomedicine-based approaches that can be applied to vanquish the skin barrier. Nanocarrier-based delivery systems have been reviewed in the context of their utility for the topical delivery of anticancer drugs. An account of phytoagents for the treatment and prevention of skin cancers has also been provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India

    Pooja Dalal, Varsha Kadian & Rekha Rao

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  1. Pooja Dalal
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  2. Varsha Kadian
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  3. Rekha Rao
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  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, New Delhi, India

    Sushama Talegaonkar

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

    Mahendra Rai

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Dalal, P., Kadian, V., Rao, R. (2020). Phytonanomedicines as Topical Alternatives for the Treatment of Skin Cancer. In: Talegaonkar, S., Rai, M. (eds) Nanoformulations in Human Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41858-8_18

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