Skip to main content

Is Grass Always Greener on the Other Side? Under-Employment of Kenyan Hotel Migrant Workers in the UK

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 487 Accesses

Part of the book series: Geographies of Tourism and Global Change ((GTGC))

Abstract

The chapter discusses skilled Kenyan migrant hotel workers’ career experiences in the hotel sector, being part of the larger hospitality industry which is one of the fastest-growing industries globally. It highlights the plight of the workers who seek to enhance their lives abroad and those of their families left behind in their country of origin. Thus, they bring a notable level of cultural capital (skill, training and work experience) to the host country but are faced with career frustrations given the under-employment conditions they encounter. The hotel sector industry in the UK is one characterized by a predominance of migrant workers primarily because it is a sector that local workers tend to be disinterested in given its low-status. This contrasts the vibrant image the sector portrays in an African context.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Al Ariss, A., & Syed, J. (2011). Capital mobilization of skilled migrants: A relational perspective. British Journal of Management, 22, 286–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alberti, G. (2014). Mobility strategies, ‘mobility differentials’ and ‘transnational exit’: the experiences of precarious migrants in London’s hospitality jobs. Work, Employment and Society, 28, 865–881.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B., & Ruhs, M. (2012). Reliance on migrant labour: Inevitability or policy choice? Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, 20, 23–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B., Ruhs, M., Rogaly, B., & Spencer, S. (2006). Fair enough? Central and East European migrants in low-wage employment in the UK. Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakewell, O., Engbersen, G., Fonseca, M. L., & Horst, C. (2016). Beyond networks: Feedback in international migration. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

    Google Scholar 

  • Batnitzky, A., & Mcdowell, L. (2013). The emergence of an ‘ethnic economy’? The spatial relationships of migrant workers in London's health and hospitality sectors. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 36, 1997–2015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bauder, H. (2003). “Brain Abuse”, or the devaluation of immigrant labour in Canada. Antipode, 35, 699–717.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bauder, H. (2005). Habitus, rules of the labour market and employment strategies of immigrants in Vancouver, Canada. Social & Cultural Geography, 6, 81–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T. (1995). Managing human resources in the European tourism and hospitality industry: a strategic approach. Chapman & Hall Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T. (2015). Human resources in tourism: Still waiting for change?-A 2015 reprise. Tourism Management, 50, 204–212.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T., Amoah, V., & Spivack, S. (1997). Policy dimensions of human resource management in the tourism and hospitality industries. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 9, 221–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T., & Devine, F. (2007). Skills and training in the hotel sector: The case of front office employment in Northern Ireland. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7, 269–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T., Dutton, E., Karimi, S., Kokkranikal, J., Devine, F., & Hearns, N. (2007a). Cultural diversity in hospitality work. Cross cultural management: an international journal, 14, 229–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T., Hearns, N., & Devine, F. (2007b). Place, people and interpretation: Issues of migrant labour and tourism imagery in Ireland. Tourism Recreation Research, 32, 39–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borjas, G. J. (2001). Does immigration grease the wheels of the labor market? Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 69–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borjas, G. J., & Bratsberg, B. (1994). Who leaves? The outmigration of the foreign-born. National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, P. (1986. The forms of capital.(1986). In: J. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education. New York: Greenwood Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandi, M. (2001). Skilled immigrants in Rome. International Migration, 39, 101–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • British Hospitality Association. (2017). Labour migration in the hospitality sector. A KPMG report for the British hospitality association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canzler, W., Kaufmann, V., & Kesselring, S. (2008). Tracing mobilities: Towards a cosmopolitan perspective. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. (2000). International migration at the beginining of the twenty-first century: Global trends and issues. International Social Science Journal, 52, 269–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. (2010). Understanding global migration: a social transformation perspective. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36, 1565–1586.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S. (2011). Migration, crisis, and the global labour market, globalizations. Globalizations, 8, 311–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chiswick, B. R. (1978). The effect of Americanization on the earnings of foreign-born men. Journal of Political Economy, 86, 897–921.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chiswick, B. R. (2000). Are immigrants favorably self-selected? An economic analysis. In IZA Discussion Paper, An Economic Analysis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, J.-G., Woods, R. H., & Murrmann, S. K. (2000). International labor markets and the migration of labor forces as an alternative solution for labor shortages in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12, 61–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Datta, K., Mcilwaine, C., Evans, Y., Herbert, J., May, J., & Wills, J. (2007). From coping strategies to tactics: London's low-pay economy and migrant labour. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 45, 404–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Haan, A. (1999). Livelihoods and poverty: The role of migration-a critical review of the migration literature. The Journal of Development Studies, 36, 1–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diprete, T. A. (1988). The upgrading and downgrading of occupations: status redefinition vs. deskilling as alternative theories of change. Social Forces, 66, 725–746.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, T., Scott, D. G., & Baum, T. (2013). The mobilities of hospitality work : An exploration of issues and debates. Annals of Tourism Research, 41, 1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dzvimbo, P. (2003). The International migration of skilled human capital from developing countries. In Improving Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Things That Work, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erel, U. (2010). Migrating cultural capital: Bourdieu in migration studies. Sociology, 44, 642–660.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fang, T., Zikic, J., & Novicevic, M. M. (2009). Career success of immigrant professionals: Stock and flow of their career capital. International Journal of Manpower, 30, 472–488.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Home Office. (2002). Secure borders, safe haven-integration with diversity in modern Britain. Home Office: London.

    Google Scholar 

  • IOM (2013). World migration report: Migrant well-being and development. Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ituma, A., & Simpson, R. (2007). Moving beyond Schein's typology: Individual career anchors in the context of Nigeria. Personnel Review, 36, 978–995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janta, H., & Ladkin, A. (2009). Polish migrant labor in the hospitality workforce: Implications for recruitment and retention. Tourism Culture & Communication, 9, 1–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, B., & Brown, P. (2007). Migration and work in the United Kingdom: mobility and the social order. Mobilities, 2, 255–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelliher, C., & Johnson, K. (1987). Personnel management in hotels—some empirical observations. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 6, 103–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, R., & Skeldon, R. (2010). ‘Mind the Gap!’Integrating approaches to internal and international migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36, 1619–1646.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, Z. (2004). Career self-management: Its nature, causes and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 112–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay, C., & Mcquaid, R. W. (2004). Avoiding the ‘McJobs’ unemployed job seekers and attitudes to service work. Work, Employment and Society, 18, 297–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liversage, A. (2009). Finding a path: Investigating the labour market trajectories of high-skilled immigrants in Denmark. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 35, 203–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R., & Mansfield, S. (2010). The use of migrant labour in the hospitality sector: Current and future implications. In: M. Ruhs & B. Anderson (Eds.), Who needs migrant workers?: labour shortages, immigration, and public policy. Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, J., Wills, J., Datta, K., Evans, Y., Herbert, J., & Mcilwaine, C. (2007). Keeping London working: Global cities, the British state and London's new migrant division of labour. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 32, 151–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mcdowell, L., Batnitzky, A., & Dyer, S. (2009). Precarious work and economic migration: Emerging immigrant divisions of labour in greater London's service sector. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 33, 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mcguire, D., Polla, G., & Heidl, B. (2017). Unlocking hospitality managers career transitions through applying Schein’s career anchors theory. European Journal of Training and Development, 41, 578–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mcintosh, A. J., & Harris, C. (2012). Critical hospitality and work:(In) hospitable employment in the hospitality industry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mkono, M. (2010). In defence of hospitality careers: Perspectives of Zimbabwean hotel managers. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22, 858–870.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mooney, S. K., Harris, C., & Ryan, I. (2016). Long hospitality careers–a contradiction in terms? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28, 2589–2608.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reitz, J. G. (2001). Immigrant skill utilization in the Canadian labour market: Implications of human capital research. Journal of International Migration and Integration/Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale, 2, 347–378.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowley, G., & Purcell, K. (2001). ‘As cooks go, she went’: Is labour churn inevitable? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 20, 163–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sander, C., & Mainbo, S. M. (2005). Migrant labor remittances in Africa: Reducing obstacles to developmental contributions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szivas, E., Riley, M., & Airey, D. (2003). Labor mobility into tourism: attraction and satisfaction. Annals of Tourism Research, 30, 64–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Talwar, J. P. (2002). Fast food, fast track: Immigrants, big business, and the American dream. Westview Prees.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Ham, M. (2001). Workplace mobility and occupational achievement. Population, Space and Place, 7, 295–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Hear, N., Bakewell, O., & Long, K. (2018). Push-pull plus: Reconsidering the drivers of migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44, 927–944.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wills, J., Datta, K., Evans, Y., Herbert, J., May, J., & Mcilwaine, C. (2010). Global cities at work. Pluto Press London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zikic, J., Bonache, J., & Cerdin, J. L. (2010). Crossing national boundaries: A typology of qualified immigrants' career orientations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 667–686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ann Ndiuini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Ndiuini, A. (2020). Is Grass Always Greener on the Other Side? Under-Employment of Kenyan Hotel Migrant Workers in the UK. In: Baum, T., Ndiuini, A. (eds) Sustainable Human Resource Management in Tourism. Geographies of Tourism and Global Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41735-2_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics