Skip to main content

Creating Smart Economies: Administrating Empowering Futures

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Identity, Institutions and Governance in an AI World

Abstract

The fifth chapter investigates the potential for humans and machines to use their shared intelligence to build “smarter” and more egalitarian economies locally and globally. AI and automation are meant to make economies and societies “smarter”—more efficient, productive and convenient. Nevertheless, this proclaimed “progress” fosters deep fears of coming mass unemployment and a world run by machines for the benefit of a small human elite. Yet smart technology also holds the promise of ushering in a “post-work economy” where the need for labour is reduced and material scarcity is a thing of the past. However, for these utopian visions to be made into a reality requires the use of non-human capabilities and intelligence to create an economy that is as liberating as it is smart. And one that is not merely programmed by elites for the benefit of elites.

This chapter critically uncovers the mutually reinforcing relationship between human and non-human empowerment. Far from the idea that AI and big data can only serve the interest of corporations and governments, it reveals the ways it can promote economic equality and inclusion in both big and small ways. Notably, it will highlight how these advances are already revolutionizing the ways organisations are managed, services are administered and communities are planned. It will then reveal the ways it also makes it easier to create not- for- profit organisations that combine the latest cutting edge technology such as digital fabrication, open sourcing and distributed manufacturing with values of radical democracy, equality and social justice. Looking ahead to the future, it concludes by arguing that the establishment of a progressive “post-capitalism” is not only possible but also crucial to the further advancement of non-human technology. Without such a fundamental economic revolution, its potential applications and development will be stifled and undermined by humans who feel they have been “left behind” by these changes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abbott, R., & Bogenschneider, B. (2018). Should Robots Pay Taxes: Tax Policy in the Age of Automation. Harvard Law & Policy Review, 12, 145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abhari, K., Davidson, E. J., & Xiao, B. (2019). Collaborative Innovation in the Sharing Economy: Profiling Social Product Development Actors Through Classification Modeling. Internet Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal, A., Gans, J. S., & Goldfarb, A. (2018). Human Judgment and AI Pricing. In AEA Papers and Proceedings (Vol. 108, pp. 58–63).

    Google Scholar 

  • Alasoini, T., Ramstad, E., & Totterdill, P. (2017). National and Regional Policies to Promote and Sustain Workplace Innovation. In Workplace Innovation (pp. 27–44). Cham: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albritton, R., & Westra, R. (2017). Introduction to Practical Utopias. In Varieties of Alternative Economic Systems (pp. 1–14). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alipour Leili, M., Chang, W. T., & Chao, C. (2017). Driverless Governance. Designing Narratives Toward Democratic Technology. The Design Journal, 20(sup1), S4343–S4356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alonso, R. G., & Lippez-De Castro, S. (2016). Technology Helps, People Make: A Smart City Governance Framework Grounded in Deliberative Democracy. In Smarter as the New Urban Agenda (pp. 333–347). Springer, Cham. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-17620-8_18.

  • Arabandi, B. (2011). Globalization, Flexibility and New Workplace Culture in the United States and India. Sociology Compass, 5(7), 525–539.

    Google Scholar 

  • Araya, D. (2015). Smart Cities and the Network Society: Toward Commons-Driven Governance. In Smart Cities as Democratic Ecologies (pp. 11–22). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Avis, J. (2018). Socio-Technical Imaginary of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Implications for Vocational Education and Training: A Literature Review. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 70(3), 337–363.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bache, I., Bartle, I., & Flinders, M. (2016). Multi-Level Governance. In Handbook on Theories of Governance. Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, S. E. (2018). Post-Work Futures and Full Automation: Towards a Feminist Design Methodology. Open Cultural Studies, 2(1), 540–552.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bal, P. M., & de Jong, S. B. (2017). From Human Resource Management to Human Dignity Development: A Dignity Perspective on HRM and the Role of Workplace Democracy. In Dignity and the Organization (pp. 173–195). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee, A., Duflo, E., Imbert, C., Mathew, S., & Pande, R. (2016). E-Governance, Accountability, and Leakage in Public Programs: Experimental Evidence from a Financial Management Reform in India (No. w22803). National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baofu, P. (2009). The Future of Post-Human Creative Thinking. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beirne, M., & Ramsay, H. (2018). Information Technology and Workplace Democracy. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bessant, J. (2018). The Great Transformation: History for a Techno-Human Future. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloom, P., & Sancino, A. (2019). Disruptive Democracy: The Clash Between Techno-Populism and Techno-Democracy. SAGE Publications Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boggs, C. (2016). Technological Rationality and the Post-Orwellian Society. Glimpse, 17, 10–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, R., & Holton, R. J. (2017). Technology, Innovation, Employment and Power: Does Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Really Mean Social Transformation. Journal of Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyne, R. (1998). Beyond the Politics of the Flesh. Information Communication & Society, 1(4), 504–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briken, K., Chillas, S., & Krzywdzinski, M. (2017a). The New Digital Workplace: How New Technologies Revolutionise Work. Macmillan International Higher Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briken, K., Chillas, S., Krzywdzinski, M., & Marks, A. (2017b). Labour Process Theory and the New Digital Workplace. Briken et al., 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, N., & Sandholm, T. (2017, August). Libratus: The Superhuman AI for No-Limit Poker. In IJCAI (pp. 5226–5228).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brynjolfsson, E., Rock, D., & Syverson, C. (2018). Artificial Intelligence and the Modern Productivity Paradox: A Clash of Expectations and Statistics. In The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: An Agenda. University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, J., Sancino, A., Benington, J., & Sørensen, E. (2017). Towards a Multi-Actor Theory of Public Value Co-Creation. Public Management Review, 19(5), 640–654.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bughin, J., Seong, J., Manyika, J., Chui, M., & Joshi, R. (2018). Notes from the AI Frontier: Modeling the Impact of AI on the World Economy. McKinsey Global Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burger, M., Stavropoulos, S., Ramkumar, S., Dufourmont, J., & van Oort, F. (2019). The Heterogeneous Skill-Base of Circular Economy Employment. Research Policy, 48(1), 248–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buzgalin, A. V., & Kolganov, A. I. (2013). The Anatomy of Twenty-First Century Exploitation: From Traditional Extraction of Surplus Value to Exploitation of Creative Activity. Science & Society, 77(4), 486–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Čaić, M., Odekerken-Schröder, G., & Mahr, D. (2018). Service Robots: Value Co-Creation and Co-Destruction in Elderly Care Networks. Journal of Service Management, 29(2), 178–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canavan, G. (2015). Capital as Artificial Intelligence. Journal of American Studies, 49(4), 685–709.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter, D. (2017). Smart Cities: Terrain for ‘Epic Struggle’ or New Urban Utopias? Town Planning Review, 88(1), 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caylar, P. L., Noterdaeme, O., & Naik, K. (2016). Digital in Industry: From Buzzword to Value Creation. McKinsey & Company. Digital McKinsey, 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, B. (2017). Post-Capitalist Entrepreneurship: Startups for the 99%. Productivity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, R. K., & Misra, H. (2017, April). Smart City and e-Governance: Exploring The Connect in the Context of Local Development in India. In eDemocracy & eGovernment (ICEDEG), 2017 Fourth International Conference on (pp. 232–233). IEEE. Retrieved from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7962540/.

  • Davis, G. F. (2016). Can an Economy Survive Without Corporations? Technology and Robust Organizational Alternatives. Academy of Management Perspectives, 30(2), 129–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinerstein, A. C., & Pitts, F. H. (2018). From Post-work to Post-capitalism? Discussing the Basic Income and Struggles for Alternative Forms of Social Reproduction. Journal of Labor and Society, 21(4), 471–491.

    Google Scholar 

  • Docherty, I., Marsden, G., & Anable, J. (2017). The Governance of Smart Mobility. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice.. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096585641731090X.

  • Doctor, F., Galvan-Lopez, E., & Tsang, E. (2018). Guest Editorial Special Issue on Data-Driven Computational Intelligence for e-Governance, Socio-Political, and Economic Systems. IEEE Transactions on EmergingTopics in Computational Intelligence, 2(3), 171–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolidon, A. (2016). Transhumanism and Its Ethical Dilemmas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duxbury, L., & Smart, R. (2011). The “Myth of Separate Worlds”: An Exploration of How Mobile Technology Has Redefined Work-Life Balance. In Creating Balance (pp. 269–284). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eimontaite, I., Gwilt, I., Cameron, D., Aitken, J. M., Rolph, J., Mokaram, S., & Law, J. (2016). Assessing Graphical Robot Aids for Interactive Co-Working. In Advances in Ergonomics of Manufacturing: Managing the Enterprise of the Future (pp. 229–239). Cham: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, S. L. (2015). Wanted: Collaborative Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence, 221, 36–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fehrer, J. A., Benoit, S., Aksoy, L., Baker, T. L., Bell, S. J., Brodie, R. J., & Marimuthu, M. (2018). Future Scenarios of the Collaborative Economy: Centrally Orchestrated, Social Bubbles or Decentralized Autonomous? Journal of Service Management, 29(5), 859–882.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feltwell, T., Lawson, S., Encinas, E., Linehan, C., Kirman, B., Maxwell, D., … Kuznetsov, S. (2018, April). Grand Visions for Post-Capitalist Human-Computer Interaction. In Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (p. W04). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fergnani, A. (2019). Scenario Archetypes of the Futures of Capitalism: The Conflict Between the Psychological Attachment to Capitalism and the Prospect of Its Dissolution. Futures, 105, 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleck, R., Cox, A. L., & Robison, R. A. (2015, April). Balancing Boundaries: Using Multiple Devices to Manage Work-Life Balance. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 3985–3988). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, P. (2017). The Death of Homo Economicus. University of Chicago Press. Retrieved from https://econpapers.repec.org/bookchap/ucpbkecon/9780745399423.htm.

  • Fleming, T., Bavin, L., Lucassen, M., Stasiak, K., Hopkins, S., & Merry, S. (2018). Beyond the Trial: Systematic Review of Real-World Uptake and Engagement with Digital Self-Help Interventions for Depression, Low Mood, or Anxiety. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(6), e199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fotopoulou, A. (2016). Digital and Networked by Default? Women’s Organisations and the Social Imaginary of Networked Feminism. New Media & Society, 18(6), 989–1005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frey, C. B., Berger, T., & Chen, C. (2017). Political Machinery: Automation Anxiety and the 2016 US Presidential Election. University of Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuller, S. (2011). Humanity 2.0: What It Means To Be Human Past, Present and Future. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Furman, J., & Seamans, R. (2019). AI and the Economy. Innovation Policy and the Economy, 19(1), 161–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galloway, C., & Swiatek, L. (2018). Public Relations and Artificial Intelligence: It’s Not (Just) About Robots. Public Relations Review, 44(5), 734–740.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrod, J. Z. (2016). The Real World of the Decentralized Autonomous Society. tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 14(1), 62–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garvey, C. (2018, December). AI Risk Mitigation Through Democratic Governance: Introducing the 7-Dimensional AI Risk Horizon. In Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (pp. 366–367). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giorgino, V. M. B., & Walsh, Z. (Eds.). (2018). Co-Designing Economies in Transition: Radical Approaches in Dialogue with Contemplative Social Sciences. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gold, J. (2017). The Future of HRD: Scenarios of Possibility. International Journal of HRD Practice, Policy & Research, 2(2), 71–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, S., & Crawford, S. (2014). The Responsive City: Engaging Communities Through Data-Smart Governance. John Wiley & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Good, J., Parsons, S., Yuill, N., & Brosnan, M. (2016). Virtual Reality and Robots for Autism: Moving Beyond the Screen. Journal of Assistive Technologies, 10(4), 211–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goolsbee, A. (2018). Public Policy in an AI Economy (No. w24653). National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffin, J. (2019). The State of Creativity: The Future of 3D Printing, 4D Printing and Augmented Reality. Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo, B., Yu, Z., Zhou, X., & Zhang, D. (2014, March). From Participatory Sensing to Mobile Crowd Sensing. In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops (PERCOM WORKSHOPS) (pp. 593–598). IEEE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo, L., Ning, Z., Hou, W., Hu, B., & Guo, P. (2018). Quick Answer for big Data in Sharing Economy: Innovative Computer Architecture Design Facilitating Optimal Service-Demand Matching. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 99, 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hacker, S. (2017). Pleasure, Power and Technology: Some Tales of Gender, Engineering, and the Cooperative Workplace. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helbing, D., Frey, B. S., Gigerenzer, G., Hafen, E., Hagner, M., Hofstetter, Y., et al. (2019). Will Democracy Survive Big Data and Artificial Intelligence. In Towards Digital Enlightenment (pp. 73–98). Cham: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermida, O. V., & Casas-Mas, B. (2019). An Empirical Review on the Effects of ICT on the Humanist Thinking. Observatorio (OBS∗), 13(1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heylighen, F. (2017). Towards an Intelligent Network for Matching Offer and Demand: From the Sharing Economy to the Global Brain. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 74–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, E., Bickham, D., & Cantor, J. (2017). Digital Media, Anxiety, and Depression in Children. Pediatrics, 140(Supplement 2), S76–S80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holden, E. (2017). Taxes for Robots: Automation and the Future of the Labor Market.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hornborg, A. (2016). Post-Capitalist Ecologies: Energy, “Value” and Fetishism in the Anthropocene. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 27(4), 61–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, Y., & Sharif, N. (2017). From ‘Labour Dividend’ to ‘Robot Dividend’: Technological Change and Workers’ Power in South China. Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy, 6(1), 53–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, C., & Southern, A. (2019). The World of Work and the Crisis of Capitalism: Marx and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Journal of Classical Sociology, 19(1), 59–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ionescu, L. (2015). The Role of e-Government in Curbing the Corruption in Public Administration. Economics, Management, and Financial Markets, 10(1), 48–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iuliia, P., Aleksei, M., & Mikhail, B. (2015, May). Trust in Digital Government as a Result of Overcoming Knowledge Access Inequality and Dissemination of Belief in e-Democracy. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (pp. 309–311). ACM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jimeno, J. F. (2019). Fewer Babies and More Robots: Economic Growth in a New Era of Demographic and Technological Changes. SERIEs, 1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamar, E. (2016, July). Directions in Hybrid Intelligence: Complementing AI Systems with Human Intelligence. In IJCAI (pp. 4070–4073).

    Google Scholar 

  • Karo, E., & Kattel, R. (2019). Public Administration, Technology and Innovation: Government as Technology Maker. In Public Administration in Europe (pp. 267–279). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keane, M., Chen, Y., & Wen, W. (2018). The Creative Economy, Digital Disruption and Collaborative Innovation in China. In Creative Industries and Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenney, M., & Zysman, J. (2018). Work and Value Creation in the Platform Economy. Forthcoming, Research in the Sociology of Work edited by Anne Kovalainen and Steven Vallas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerschner, C., Waechter, P., Nierling, L., & Ehlers, M. H. (2018). Degrowth and Technology: Towards Feasible, Viable, Appropriate and Convivial Imaginaries. Journal of Cleaner Production.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kester, G. (2016). Trade Unions and Workplace Democracy in Africa. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, B. A., Hammond, T., & Harrington, J. (2017). Disruptive Technology: Economic Consequences of Artificial Intelligence and the Robotics Revolution. Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability, 12(2), 53–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kmieciak, R., Michna, A., & Meczynska, A. (2012). Innovativeness, Empowerment and IT Capability: Evidence from SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(5), 707–728.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kneuer, M. (2016). E-Democracy: A New Challenge for Measuring Democracy. International Political Science Review, 37(5), 666–678.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koppenjan, J., & Klijn, E. H. (2015). Governance Networks in the Public Sector. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korinek, A., & Stiglitz, J. E. (2017). Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Income Distribution and Unemployment (No. w24174). National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostakis, V., Niaros, V., Dafermos, G., & Bauwens, M. (2015). Design Global, Manufacture Local: Exploring the Contours of an Emerging Productive Model. Futures, 73, 126–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, T. H., Ho, L. A., Lin, C., & Lai, K. K. (2010). Employee Empowerment in a Technology Advanced Work Environment. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 110(1), 24–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Last, C. (2017). Global Commons in the Global Brain. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 48–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laukyte, M. (2017). Social Robots: Boundaries. Challenges: Potential.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, P. (2018). Corporate Power, the State, and the Postcapitalist Future.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, M., Roberts, C., & King, L. (2017). Managing Automation: Employment, Inequality and Ethics in the Digital Age. Institute for Public Policy Research Commission on Economic Justice Discussion Paper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehdonvirta, V. (2016). Algorithms That Divide and Unite: Delocalisation, Identity and Collective Action in ‘Microwork’. In Space, Place and Global Digital Work (pp. 53–80). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lema, R., & Lema, A. (2012). Technology Transfer? The Rise of China and India in Green Technology Sectors. Innovation and Development, 2(1), 23–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lember, V., Kattel, R., & Tõnurist, P. (2016). Public Administration, Technology and Administrative Capacity (No. 71). TUT Ragnar Nurkse Department of Innovation and Governance.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leonard, R., & Cairnes, M. (2019). Changing Work Realities: Creating Socially and Environmentally Responsible Workplaces. In Challenging Future Practice Possibilities (pp. 101–112). Brill Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leyden, D. P., & Link, A. N. (2015). Public Sector Entrepreneurship: US Technology and Innovation Policy. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liebenau, J. (2018). Labor Markets in the Digital Economy: Modeling Employment from the Bottom-Up. In Digitized Labor (pp. 71–93). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linders, D., Liao, C. Z. P., & Wang, C. M. (2015). Proactive e-Governance: Flipping the Service Delivery Model from Pull to Push in Taiwan. Government Information Quarterly, 35, s68–s76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Little, B. (2016). Post-Capitalism and the Workless Society. Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 62(1), 156–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ljungholm, D. P. (2015). E-Governance and Public Sector Reform. Geopolitics, History, and International Relations, 7(2), 7–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, M., Rüßmann, M., Strack, R., Lueth, K. L., & Bolle, M. (2015). Man and Machine in Industry 4.0: How Will Technology Transform the Industrial Workforce Through 2025. The Boston Consulting Group.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahmood, D., Javaid, N., Ahmed, I., Alrajeh, N., Niaz, I. A., & Khan, Z. A. (2017). Multi-agent-Based Sharing Power Economy for a Smart Community. International Journal of Energy Research, 41(14), 2074–2090.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mamedov, O., Tumanyan, Y., Ishchenko-Padukova, O., & Movchan, I. (2018). Sustainable Economic Development and Post-Economy of Artificial Intelligence. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 6(2), 1028–1040.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mansell, R. (2016). Power, Hierarchy and the Internet: Why the Internet Empowers and Disempowers. Global Studies Journal, 9(2), 19–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marchetti, A., Manzi, F., Itakura, S., & Massaro, D. (2018). Theory of Mind and Humanoid Robots from a Lifespan Perspective. Zeitschrift für Psychologie.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, C. J., Evans, J., & Karvonen, A. (2018). Smart and Sustainable? Five Tensions in the Visions and Practices of the Smart-Sustainable City in Europe and North America. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162518300477.

  • McGaughey, E. (2018). Will Robots Automate Your Job Away? Full Employment, Basic Income, and Economic Democracy. Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, Working Paper (496).

    Google Scholar 

  • McLaren, D., & Agyeman, J. (2015). Sharing Cities: A Case for Truly Smart and Sustainable Cities. MIT Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=KhvLCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Consciousness+sharing+and+technology&ots=5rI0pZ4FqW&sig=cqIes_WG2PhDIHMqAlLdlHLM7VQ.

  • McLoughlin, I. (2002). Creative Technological Change: The Shaping of Technology and Organisations. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Means, A. J. (2018). Learning to Save the Future: Rethinking Education and Work in an Era of Digital Capitalism. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehta, S., & Yadav, K. K. (2016). Planning for a Smart City with a Human Face in Developing India. International Journal of Sustainable Land Use and Urban Planning, 3(2), 13–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meijer, A. (2015). E-Governance Innovation: Barriers and Strategies. Government Information Quarterly, 32(2), 198–206.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mokyr, J., Vickers, C., & Ziebarth, N. L. (2015). The History of Technological Anxiety and the Future of Economic Growth: Is This Time Different? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 29(3), 31–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mortara, L., & Parisot, N. G. (2016). Through Entrepreneurs’ Eyes: The Fab-Spaces Constellation. International Journal of Production Research, 54(23), 7158–7180.

    Google Scholar 

  • MP, T. W. (2018). The Future of Work: Improving the Quality of Work. Renewal: A Journal of Labour Politics, 26(1), 10–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murashov, V., Hearl, F., & Howard, J. (2016). Working Safely with Robot Workers: Recommendations for the New Workplace. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 13(3), D61–D71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nygreen, K. (2017). Troubling the Discourse of Both/And: Technologies of Neoliberal Governance in Community-Based Educational Spaces. Policy Futures in Education, 15(2), 202–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okolo, A. I. (2018). Capacity Building in the Manufacturing Sector of the Economy as a Means for National Sustainable Development in African States. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 9(5), 270–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osborne, S. P. (Ed.). (2010). The New Public Governance: Emerging Perspectives on the Theory and Practice of Public Governance. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Park, H. (2017). Technology Convergence, Open Innovation, and Dynamic Economy. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 3(4), 24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parkes, D. C., & Wellman, M. P. (2015). Economic Reasoning and Artificial Intelligence. Science, 349(6245), 267–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, G. V., Macadar, M. A., & Testa, M. G. (2016, March). A Framework for Understanding Smart City Governance as a Sociotechnical System. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (pp. 384–385). ACM. Retrieved from https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2910061.

  • Pilgerstorfer, P., & Pournaras, E. (2017, May). Self-Adaptive Learning in Decentralized Combinatorial Optimization: A Design Paradigm for Sharing Economies. In Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (pp. 54–64). IEEE Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, J. J. (2002). Petty Capitalism, Perfecting Capitalism or Post-Capitalism?: Lessons from the Argentinian Barter Network. ISS Working Paper Series/General Series, 357, 1–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulkka, V. V. (2017). A Free Lunch with Robots – Can a Basic Income Stabilise the Digital Economy? Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, 23(3), 295–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Punchihewa, D., Gunawardena, K., & Silva, D. A. C. (2017). Digital Marketing as a Strategy of e-Governance in Sri Lanka: Case Study of Sri Lankan Hospitality Industry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu, J. L., Gregg, M., & Crawford, K. (2014). Circuits of Labour: A Labour Theory of the iPhone Era. tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 12(2), 564–581.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rafi Khan, S. (2018). Reinventing Capitalism to Address Automation: Sharing Work to Secure Employment and Income. Competition & Change, 22(4), 343–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rolf, M., & Crook, N. (2016). What If: Robots Create Novel Goals? Ethics Based on Social Value Systems. In EDIA@ ECAI (pp. 20–25).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothschild, J. (2016). The Logic of a Co-Operative Economy and Democracy 2.0: Recovering the Possibilities for Autonomy, Creativity, Solidarity, and Common Purpose. The Sociological Quarterly, 57(1), 7–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholl, H. J. (2015). Electronic Government: Introduction to the Domain. In E-Government: Information, Technology, and Transformation (pp. 19–26). Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuchmann, D., & Seufert, S. (2015). Corporate Learning in Times of Digital Transformation: A Conceptual Framework and Service Portfolio for the Learning Function in Banking Organisations. International Journal of Corporate Learning (iJAC), 8(1), 31–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sculos, B. W. (2018). Minding the Gap: Marxian Reflections on the Transition from Capitalism to Postcapitalism. tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 16(2), 676–686.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seok, S. (2018). The Effects of Subjective Beliefs and Values on Use Intention of Artificial Intelligence Robots: Difference According to Occupation and Employment. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 18(7), 536–550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shammas, V. L. (2018). Superfluity and Insecurity: Disciplining Surplus Populations in the Global North. Capital & Class, 42(3), 411–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaviro, S. (2015). No Speed Limit: Three Essays on Accelerationism. University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soma, K., Termeer, C. J., & Opdam, P. (2016). Informational Governance – A Systematic Literature Review of Governance for Sustainability in the Information Age. Environmental Science & Policy, 56, 89–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sørensen, E., & Torfing, J. (Eds.). (2016). Theories of Democratic Network Governance. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, D. A. (2018). Fear and Hope in an Age of Mass Automation: Debating the Future of Work. New Technology, Work and Employment, 33(1), 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staab, P., & Nachtwey, O. (2016). Market and Labour Control in Digital Capitalism. tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society, 14(2), 457–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoker, G. (1998). Governance as Theory: Five Propositions. International Social Science Journal, 50(155), 17–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun, J., Yan, J., & Zhang, K. Z. (2016). Blockchain-Based Sharing Services: What Blockchain Technology Can Contribute to Smart Cities. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Svenfelt, Å., Alfredsson, E. C., Bradley, K., Fauré, E., Finnveden, G., Fuehrer, P., et al. (2019). Scenarios for Sustainable Futures Beyond GDP Growth 2050. Futures.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szollosy, M. (2017). EPSRC Principles of Robotics: Defending an Obsolete Human (ism)? Connection Science, 29(2), 150–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taeihagh, A. (2017). Crowdsourcing, Sharing Economies and Development. Journal of Developing Societies, 33(2), 191–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Upchurch, M., & Moore, P. V. (2018). Deep Automation and the World of Work. In Humans and Machines at Work (pp. 45–71). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valentine, L. (2018). Gender, Technology, and Democracy at Work. In Information Technology and Workplace Democracy (pp. 193–211). Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vromen, A. (2016). Digital Citizenship and Political Engagement: The Challenge from Online Campaigning and Advocacy Organisations. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wasén K. (2015). Innovation management in robot society. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • West, D. M. (2015). What Happens If Robots Take the Jobs? The Impact of Emerging Technologies on Employment and Public Policy. Washington, DC: Centre for Technology Innovation at Brookings.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westerlaken, M. (2017). Uncivilizing the Future: Imagining Non-Speciesism. Antae; 1, 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westra, R., Albritton, R., & Jeong, S. (Eds.). (2017). Varieties of Alternative Economic Systems: Practical Utopias for an Age of Global Crisis and Austerity (Vol. 229). Taylor & Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, H. J., & Daugherty, P. R. (2018). Collaborative Intelligence: Humans and AI Are Joining Forces. Harvard Business Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winstanley, P. (2017). Public Administration for the Next Generation. In Government 3.0 – Next Generation Government Technology Infrastructure and Services (pp. 27–36). Cham: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu, J., Balliet, D., Tybur, J. M., Arai, S., Van Lange, P. A., & Yamagishi, T. (2017). Life History Strategy and Human Cooperation in Economic Games. Evolution and Human Behavior, 38(4), 496–505. Retrieved from http://www.paulvanlange.com/s/WuEtAlEHBinpress.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida, K. (2018). Drastic Change in Industrial Environment and Progress of P2M. Journal of International Association of P2M, 13(1), 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, Y., & Wang, F. Y. (2016, November). Towards Blockchain-Based Intelligent Transportation Systems. In 2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) (pp. 2663–2668). IEEE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yun, J. J., Won, D., Jeong, E., Park, K., Yang, J., & Park, J. (2016). The Relationship Between Technology, Business Model, and Market in Autonomous Car and Intelligent Robot Industries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 103, 142–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Žižek, S. (2018). Like a Thief in Broad Daylight: Power in the Era of Post-humanity. London: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwart, H. (2015). Extimate Technologies: Empowerment, Intrusiveness, Surveillance: The Fate of the Human Subject in the Age of Intimate Technologies and Big Data. Retrieved from http://repository.ubn.ru.nl/bitstream/handle/2066/147465/147465.pdf.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Bloom .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Bloom, P. (2020). Creating Smart Economies: Administrating Empowering Futures. In: Identity, Institutions and Governance in an AI World. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36181-5_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics