Abstract
The need to produce food in sufficient quantities for supplying to the growing population has resulted in the development of a wide range of new technologies. There is always a loss of crops due to pests and, therefore, pesticides have become an essential part of the agricultural system to prevent crop loss. In recent past, a variety of pesticides as organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids have been developed to combat the insect pests, however, conventional methods of using pesticides have severe adverse effects such as reduction in the agricultural yield and undesirable health effects on human and the environment by various processes of degradation of pesticides which results in less than 0.1% of the applied pesticides to be used as active part to kill the target pests. In recent years, advanced nano-controlled delivery systems have been developed for agrochemicals based on biodegradable polymers to maintain optimal pesticide concentrations, protect and stabilize the pesticides and reduce the frequency of administration. This chapter presents an overview of the nanoformulations used as systems for controlled release of pesticides and concentrates on the modern strategies adopted for the delivery of pesticides and their limitations and potential in achieving sustainable agriculture management.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sopena F, Maqueda C, Morillo E (2009) Controlled release formulations of herbicides based on micro-encapsulation. Cien Inv Agr 35:27–42
Moros J, Armenta S, Garrigues S, Guardia M (2007) Comparison of two vibrational procedures for the direct determination of mancozeb in agrochemicals. Talanta 72:72
Pretty JN, Morison JIL, Hine RE (2003) Reducing food poverty by increasing agricultural sustainability in developing countries. Agr Ecosyst Environ 95:217–234
Bajpai AK, Giri A (2002) Swelling dynamics of a macromolecular hydrophilic network and evaluation of its potential for controlled release of agrochemicals. React Funct Polym 53:125
Ali D, Nagpurea NS, Kumar S, Kumar R, Kushwaha B, Lakra WS (2009) Assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of chlorpyrifos in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) using micronucleus assay and alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis. Food Chem Toxicol 47:650
Singh B, Sharma DK, Dhiman A (2013) Environment friendly agar and alginate-based thiram delivery system. Toxicol Environ Chem 95:567–578
Ahmed RZ, Siddiqui K, Arman M, Ahmed N (2012) Characterization of high molecular weight dextran produced by Weissella cibaria CMGDEX3. Carbohydr Polym 90:441–446
Campos EVR, de Oliveira JL, Fraceto LF (2014) Applications of controlled release systems for fungicides, herbicides, acaricides, nutrients, and plant growth hormones: a review. Adv Sci Eng Med 6:373–387
Grillo R, Pereira AES, Nishisaka CS, de Lima R, Oehlke K, Greiner R, Fraceto LF (2014) Chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles loaded with paraquat herbicide: an environmentally safer alternative for weed control. J Hazard Mater 278:163–171
Gilden RC, Huffling K, Sattler B (2010) Pesticides and health risks. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 39:103–110
Carter AD (2000) Herbicide movement in soils: principles, pathways and processes. Weed Res 40:113–122
Abhilash PC, Singh N (2009) Pesticide use and application: an Indian scenario. J Hazard Mater 165:1–12
Swinnen JFM, de Gorter H, Rausser GC, Banerjee AN (2002) The political economy of public research investment and commodity policies in agriculture: an empirical study. Agric Econ 22:111–122
Lin PC, Lin HJ, Liao YY, Guo HR, Chen KT (2013) Acute poisoning with neonicotinoid insecticides: a case report and literature review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 112:282–286
Akar E, Altinisik A, Seki Y (2012) Preparation of pH- and ionic-strength responsive biodegradable fumaric acid crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 90:1634–1641
Chowdhury MA (2014) The controlled release of bioactive compounds from lignin and lignin-based biopolymer matrices. Int J Biol Macromol 65:136–147
Jaiswal M, Dudhe R, Sharma PK (2015) Nanoemulsion: an advanced mode of drug delivery system. 3 Biotech 5:123–127
Kah M, Hofmann T (2014) Nanopesticide research: current trends and future priorities. Environ Int 63:224–235
Solans C, Izquierdo P, Nolla J, Azemar N, Garcia-Celma MJ (2005) Nano-emulsions. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 10:102–110
NICNAS Information Sheet (2006) Australian Government Department of Health and Aging, September
Whatmore RW (2006) Nanotechnology—what is it? Should we be worried. Occup Med 56:295–299
ISO (2004) Occupational ultrafine aerosol exposure characterization, assessment. Draft technical report number 6. ISO/TC146/SC2WG1 particle size selective sampling and analysis (workplace air quality)
Wigginton NS, Rosso KM, Lower BH, Shi L, Hochella MF Jr (2007) Electron tunneling properties of outer-membrane decaheme cytochromes from Shewanella oneidensis. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:543–555
Singh P, Kim YJ, Zhang D, Yang DC (2016) Biological synthesis of nanoparticles from plants and microorganisms. Trends Biotechnol 34:588–599
Brandl MA, Schumann M, Przyklenk M, Patel A, Vidal S (2016) Wireworm damage reduction in potatoes with an attract-and-kill strategy using Metarhizium brunneum. J Pest Sci 1–15
Rogge SA, Mayerhofer J, Enkerli J, Bacher S, Grabenweger G (2017) Preventive application of an entomopathogenic fungus in cover crops for wireworm control. Biocontrol 62(5):613–623
European Food Safety Authority (2012) Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae BIPESCO5/F52. EFSA J 10:2498–2542
Saborío HU, Carballo CM, Sandoval J, José R, Baudrit V, Morales AR (2017) Encapsulation of bacterial metabolic infiltrates isolated from different Bacillus strains in chitosan nanoparticles as potential green chemistry-based biocontrol agents against Radopholus similis. J Renew Mater 5:290–299
Carvalho FP (2017) Pesticides, environment, and food safety. Pest Environ Food Saf 6:48–60
Melo CA, Oliveira LK, Goveia D, Fraceto LF, Rosa AH (2014) Enrichment of tropical peat with micronutrients for agricultural applications: evaluation of adsorption and desorption processes. J Braz Chem Soc 25:36–49
Dourado Junior SM, Nunes ES, Marques RP, Rossino LS, Quites FJ, Siqueira JR Jr, Moreto JA (2017) Controlled release behavior of sulfentrazone herbicide encapsulated in Ca-ALG microparticles: preparation, characterization, mathematical modeling and release tests in field trial weed control. J Mater Sci 52(16):9491–9507
Nair R, Hanna S, Baiju V, Nair G, Maekawa T, Yoshida Y, Sakthi Kumar D (2010) Nanoparticulate material delivery to plants. Plant Sci 179:154–163
Kanhed P et al (2014) In vitro antifungal efficacy of copper nanoparticles against selected crop pathogenic fungi. Mater Lett 115:13–17
Tabata J, Ikada Y (1989) Protein precoating of polylactide microspheres containing a lipophilic immunopotentiator for enhancement of macrophage phagocytosis and activation. Pharm Res 6:296–301
Bodmeier R, Chen H (1990) Indomethacin polymeric nanosuspensions prepared by microfujidization. J Control Release 12:223–233
Landry FB, Bazile DV, Spenlehauer G, Veillard M (1996) Influence of coating agents on the degradation of poly(D, L-lactic acid) nanoparticles in model digestive fluids. STP Pharma Sci 6:195–202
Gurny R, Peppas NA, Harrington DD, Banker GS (1981) Development of biodegradable and injectable latices for controlled release of potent drugs. Ind Pharm 7:1–25
Jaiswal J, Gupta SK, Kreuter J (2004) Preparation of biodegradable cyclosporine nanoparticles by high-pressure emulsification-solvent evaporation process. J Control Release 96:169–178
Saanchez A, Vila Jato JL, Alonso MJ (1993) Development of biodegradable microspheres and nanospheres for the controlled release of cyclosporin A. Int J Pharm 99:263–273
Calvo P, Remunan-Lopez C, Vila-Jato JL, Alonso MJ (1997) Chitosan and chitosan/ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer nanoparticles as novel carriers for proteins and vaccines. Pharm Res 14:143–146
Sunitha S, Amareshwar P, Kumar S (2010) Preparation and characterization of ondansetron hydrochloride microspheres using various cellulose polymers. Int J Curr Pharm Res 2:44–49
Palmieri GF, Bonacucina G, Di Martino P, Martelli S (2001) Spray-drying as a method for microparticulate controlled release systems preparation: advantages and limits. I. Water-soluble drugs. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 27(3):195–204
Chu M, Zhu SQ, Li HM, Huang ZB, Li SQ (2006) Synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)/sodium humate superabsorbent composite for agricultural use. J Appl Polym Sci 102:5137–5143
Puoci F, Iemma F, Spizzirri UG, Cirillo G, Curcio M, Picci N (2008) Polymer in agriculture: a review. Am J Agric Biol Sci 3:299–314
Kamat M, Malkani R (2003) Disposable diapers: a hygienic alternative. Indian J Pediatr 70:879–881
Kosemund K, Schlatter H, Ochsenhirt JL, Krause EL, Marsman DS, Erasala GN (2009) Safety evaluation of superabsorbent baby diapers. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 53:81–89
Kasgoz H, Durmus AZ, Kasgoz A (2008) Enhanced swelling and adsorption properties of AAm-AMPSNa/clay hydrogel nanocomposites for heavy metal ion removal. Polym Adv Technol 19:213–220
Wang YQ, Zhang HF, Wu YP, Yang J, Zhang LQ (2005) Preparation and properties of natural rubber/rectorite nanocomposites. Eur Polym J 41:2776–2783
Sadeghi M, Hosseinzadeh HJ (2008) Synthesis of starch—poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) superabsorbent hydrogel with salt and pH-responsiveness properties as a drug delivery system. J Bioact Compat Polym 23:381–404
Ray SS, Bousmina M (2005) Biodegradable polymers and their layered silicate nanocomposites: in green the 21st century materials word. Prog Mater Sci 50:962–1079
Pourjavadi A, Hosseinzadeh H, Sadeghi M (2007) Synthesis, characterization and swelling behavior of gelatin-g-poly(sodium acrylate)/kaolin superabsorbent hydrogel composites. J Compos Mater 41:2057–2069
Yoshimura T, Uchikoshi I, Yoshiura Y, Fujioka R (2005) Synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable superabsorbent hydrogels based on chitin and succinic anhydride. Carbohydr Polym 61:322–326
Zhang JP, Wang Q, Wang AQ (2007) Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid)/attapulgite superabsorbent composites. Carbohydr Polym 68:367–374
Aries JL (2008) Novel strategies to improve the anticancer action of 5-fluorouracil by using drug delivery systems. Molecules 13:2340–2369
Racovita S, Vasiliu S, Popa M, Lucab C (2009) Polysaccharides based on micro- and nanoparticles obtained by ionic gelation and their applications as drug delivery systems. Rev Roum Chim 54:709–718
Couvreur P, Gref R, Andrieux K, Malvy C (2006) Nanotechnologies for drug delivery: application to cancer and autoimmune diseases. Prog Solid State Chem 34:231–235
Grillo R, Rosa AH, Fraceto LF (2014) Poly(e-caprolactone) nanocapsules carrying the herbicide atrazine: effect of chitosan-coating agent on physico-chemical stability and herbicide release profile. Int J Environ Sci Technol 11:1691–1700
Pyun J (2007) Nanocomposite materials from functional polymers and magnetic colloids. Polym Rev 47:231–263
Xu C, Ohno K, Ladmiral V, Composto RJ (2008) Dispersion of polymer-grafted magnetic nanoparticles in homopolymers and block copolymers. Polymer 49:3568–3577
Allemann E, Leroux JC, Gurny R, Doelker E (1993) In vitro extended-release properties of drug-loaded poly(DL-lactic acid) nanoparticles produced by a salting-out procedure. Pharm Res 10:1732
Flores-Cespedes F, Figueredo-Flores CI, Daza-Fernandez I, Vidal-Pena F, Villafranca-Sanchez M, Fernandez-Perez M (2012) Preparation and characterization of imidacloprid lignin-polyethylene glycol matrices coated with ethylcellulose. J Agric Food Chem 60:1042–1051
Roy A, Bajpai AK, Bajpai J (2009) Dynamics of controlled release of chlorpyrifos from swelling and eroding biopolymeric microspheres of calcium alginate and starch. Carbohydr Polym 76:222–229
Roy A, Bajpai AK, Bajpai J (2009) Designing swellable beads of alginate and gelatin for controlled release of pesticide (cypermethrin). J Macromol Sci Res Part A Pure Appl Chem 46:847–859
Wang HQ, Nann T (2009) Monodisperse upconverting nanocrystals by microwave-assisted synthesis. ACS Nano 3:3804–3808
Sun S, Zeng H (2002) Size-controlled synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 124:8204–8205
Sperling RA, Parak WJ (2010) Surface modification, functionalization and bioconjugation of colloidal inorganic nanoparticles. Phil Trans R Soc A 368:1333–1383
Medintz IL, Uyeda HT, Goldman ER, Mattoussi H (2005) Quantum dot bioconjugates for imaging, labelling and sensing. Nat Mater 4:435–446
Barnes WL, Dereux A, Ebbesen TW (2003) Surface plasmon subwavelength optics. Nature 424:824–830
Cushing BL, Kolesnichenko VL, O’Connor CJ (2004) Recent advances in the liquid-phase syntheses of inorganic nanoparticles. Chem Rev 104:3893–3946
Cai W, Chen X (2007) Nanoplatforms for targeted molecular imaging in living subjects. Small 3:1840–1854
White RJ, Luque R, Budarin VL, Clark JH, Macquarrie DJ (2009) Supported metal nanoparticles on porous materials. Methods and applications. Chem Soc Rev 38:481–494
Campelo JM, Luna D, Luque R, Marinas JM, Romero AA (2009) Sustainable preparation of supported metal nanoparticles and their applications in catalysis. ChemSusChem 2
John AB (2009) Metallic nanoparticles. Elsevier
Samad A, Sultana Y, Aqil M (2007) Liposomal drug delivery systems: an update review. Curr Drug Deliv 4(4):297–305
Forssen E, Willis M (1998) Ligand-targeted liposomes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 29(3):249–271
Allouche J, Chanéac C, Brayner R (2014) Design of magnetic gelatine/silica nanocomposites by nanoemulsification: encapsulation versus in situ growth of iron oxide colloids. Nanomaterials 4:612–627
Taze PT, John S, Dennis Mark B (2015) Iron-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes surface-functionalized with paramagnetic Gd (III): a candidate dual-functioning MRI contrast agent and magnetic hyperthermia structure. Carbon 87:226–232
Nuraje N, Su K (2013) Perovskite ferroelectric nanomaterials. Nanoscale 2013(5):8752–8780
Agarwal T, Gupta KAS, Alam S, Zaidi MGH (2012) Fabrication and characterization of iron oxide filled polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanocomposites. Int J Compos Mater 2:17–21
Muller RH, Mader K, Gohla S (2000) Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for controlled drug delivery—a review of the state of the art. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 50(1):161–177
Tefft J, Friend DR (1993) Controlled release herbicide formulations based on polymeric microspheres. J Control Release 27:27–35
Raloff J (2007) Common pesticide clobbers amphibians. Sci News 154:10–150
Yang L, Yang Y, Chena Z, Guoc C, Li S (2014) Influence of super absorbent polymer on soil water retention, seed germination and plant survivals for rocky slopes eco-engineering. Ecol Eng 62:27–32
Crawford SL, Fiedler ER (1992) Childhood physical and sexual abuse and failure to complete military basic training. Mil Med 157(12):645–648
Hodgson E, Levi PE (1996) Pesticides: an important but underused model for the environmental health sciences. Environ Health Perspect 104(1):97–106
Daly HV, Doyen JT, Purcell AH (1998) Introduction to insect biology and diversity, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, pp 279–300
Godish T (2000) Indoor environment quality. CRC Press, pp 325–326
Sarisozen C, Vural I, Levchenko T, Hincal A, Torchilin VP (2012) PEG-PE-based micelles co-loaded with paclitaxel and cyclosporine A or loaded with paclitaxel and targeted by anticancer antibody overcome drug resistance in cancer cells. Drug Deliv 19(4):169–176
Chena Y, Lo CL, Lin YF, Hsiue GH (2013) Rapamycin encapsulated in dual-responsive micelles for cancer therapy. Biomaterials 34:1115–1127
Rezaei SJT, Amani V, Nabid MR, Safari N, Niknejad H (2015) Folate-decorated redox/pH dual-responsive degradable prodrug micelles for tumor triggered targeted drug delivery. Polym Chem 6:2844–2853
Wu H, Zhua L, Torchilin V (2013) pH-sensitive poly(histidine)-PEG/DSPE-PEG co-polymer micelles for cytosolic drug delivery. Biomaterials 34:1213–1222
Kenawy ER, Sherrington DC, Akelah A (1992) Controlled release of agrochemical molecules chemically bound to polymers. Eur Polym J 28:841–862
Zhang M, Gao B, Chen J, Li Y, Creamer AE, Chen H (2014) Slow-release fertilizer encapsulated by graphene oxide films. Chem Eng J 255:107–113
Zhang W, He S, Liu Y, Geng Q, Ding G, Guo M, Deng Y, Zhu J, Li J, Cao Y (2014) Preparation and characterization of novel functionalized prochloraz microcapsules using silica–alginate–elements as controlled release carrier materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:11783–11790
Akelah A, Kenawy ER, Sherrington DL (1992) Agricultural polymers with herbicide/fertilizer function—III. Polyureas and poly(Schiff base)s based systems. Eur Polym J 29:1041–1045
Kenawy ER, Akelah A, Sherrington DC (1992) Agricultural polymers with herbicide/fertilizer function—II. Glutarate-based systems. Eur Polym J 28:615–621
Gao JH, Xu B (2009) Application of nanomaterials inside cells. Nano Today 4:37–51
Galaev IY, Mattiasson B (1999) ‘Smart’ polymers and what they could do in biotechnology and medicine. Trends Biotechnol 17:335–340
Caldorera-Moore M, Guimard N, Shi L, Roy K (2010) Designer nanoparticles: incorporating size, shape and triggered release into nanoscale drug carriers. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 7:479–495
Cho K, Wang X, Nie S, Chen Z, Shin DM (2008) Therapeutic nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 14:1310–1316
Batzill M, Diebold M (2005) The surface and materials science of tin oxide. Prog Surf Sci 79:47–154
Kilic C, Zunger A (2002) Origins of coexistence of conductivity and transparency in SnO2. Phys Rev Lett 88:95–501
Fang LM, Zu XT, Li ZJ, Zhu S, Liu CM, Zhou WL, Wang LM (2008) Synthesis and characteristics of Fe3+-doped SnO2 nanoparticles via sol–gel-calcination or sol–gel-hydrothermal route. J Alloys Compd 454:261–267
Janko C, Stephan Dürr S, Luis EM, Stefan Lyer S, Chaurio R, Rainer Tietze R, Löhneysen SV, Schorn C, Herrmann M, Alexiou C (2013) Magnetic drug targeting reduces the chemotherapeutic burden on circulating leukocytes. Int J Mol Sci 14:7341–7355
Akbarzadeh A, Samiei M, Davaran S (2012) Magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, physical properties, and applications in biomedicine. Nano Res Lett 7:144
Zhang XJ, Jiang W, Li FS, Sun ZD, Ou’yang Z (2010) Controllable preparation of magnetic polymer nanospheres with high saturation magnetization by miniemulsion polymerization. Mater Lett 64:119–121
Rahimi M, Yousef M, Cheng Y, Meletis EI, Eberhart RC (2009) Formulation and characterization of covalently coated magnetic nanogel. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 9:4128–4134
Thorek DLJ, Chen A, Czupryna J, Tsourkas A (2006) Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging. Ann Biomed Eng 34:23–38
Batlle X, Labarta A (2002) TOPICAL REVIEW: finite-size effects in fine particles: magnetic and transport properties. J Phys D Appl Phys 35:15–42
El Bahri Z, Taverdet J-L (2007) Elaboration and characterisation of microparticles by pesticide model. Powder Technol 172:30–40
Bodmeier R, Oh KH, Pramar T (1989) Preparation and evaluation of drug-containing chitosan beads. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 15:1475–1494
Yurdasiper A, Sevgi F (2010) An overview of modified release chitosan, alginate and eudragit RS microparticles. J Chem Pharm Res 2:704–721
Bajpai AK, Shukla SK, Bhanu S, Kankane S (2008) Responsive polymers in controlled drug delivery. Prog Polym Sci 33:1088–1118
Huang X, Brazel CS (2001) On the importance and mechanisms of burst release in matrix-controlled drug delivery systems. J Control Release 73:121–136
Cappello J, Crissman JW, Crissman M, Ferrari FA, Textor G, Wallis O, Whitledge JR, Xia Z, Burman D, Aukerman L, Stedronsky ER (1998) In-situ self-assembling protein polymer gel systems for administration, delivery, and release of drugs. J Control Release 53:105–117
Beasley ML, Collins RL (1970) Water-degradable polymers for controlled release of herbicides and other agents. Science 169:769–770
Cauchetier E, Deniau M, Fessi H, Astier A, Paul M (2003) Atovaquone-loaded nanocapsules: influence of the nature of the polymer on their in vitro characteristics. Int J Pharm 250:273–281
Colombo P (1993) Swelling-controlled release in hydrogel matrices for oral route. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 11(1–2):37–57
Herrlich S, Spieth S, Messner S, Zengerle R (2012) Osmotic micropumps for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:1617–1627
Lin C-C, Metters AT (2006) Hydrogels in controlled release formulations: network design and mathematical modeling. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 58:1379–1408
Peppas NA, Bures P, Leobandung W, Ichikawa H (2000) Hydrogels in pharmaceutical formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 50:27–46
Lee SH, Mok H, Lee Y, Park TG (2011) Self-assembled siRNA–PLGA conjugate micelles for gene silencing. J Control Release 152:152–158
Burkersroda FV, Schedl L, Göpferich A (2002) Why degradable polymers undergo surface erosion or bulk erosion. Biomaterials 23:4221–4231
Razavilar N, Choi P (2013) In-vitro modeling of the release kinetics of micron and nano-sized polymer drug carriers. Int J Drug Deliv 5:362–378
Chime Salome AC, Onunkwo Godswill C, Onyishi Ikechukwu I (2013) Kinetics and mechanisms of drug release from swellable and non swellable matrices: a review. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. ISSN: 0975-8585
Yadav G, Bansal M, Thakur N, Khare S, Khare P (2013) Multilayer tablets and their drug release kinetic models for oral controlled drug delivery system. Mid-East J Sci Res 16:782–795
Dash S, Murthy PR, Nath L, Chowdhury P (2010) Kinetic modeling on drug release from controlled drug delivery systems. Acta Pol Pharm 67:217–223
Higuchi T (2010) Mechanism of sustained-action medication. Theoretical analysis of rate of release of solid drugs dispersed in solid matrices. J Pharm Sci 52:1145–1148
Peppas NA, Khare A (1993) Preparation, structure and diffusional behavior of hydrogels in controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 11:1–35
Perera DI, Shanks RA (1996) Swelling and mechanical properties of crosslinked hydrogels containing N-vinylpyrrolidone. Polym Int 39:121–127
Wu W, Zhou S (2013) Responsive materials for self-regulated insulin delivery. Macromol Biosci 13:1464–1477
Sershen S, West J (2002) Implantable, polymeric systems for modulated drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 54:1225
Demirci S, Çaykara T (2012) RAFT-mediated synthesis of cationic poly[(ar-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride] brushes for quantitative DNA immobilization. Mater Sci Eng C 33(111)
Zhong K, Lin Z-T, Zheng X-L, Jiang GB, Fang YS, Mao XY, Liao ZW (2013) Starch derivative-based superabsorbent with integration of water-retaining and controlled-release fertilizers. Carbohydr Polym 92:1367–1376
Price R, Poursaid A, Ghandehari H (2013) Controlled release from recombinant polymers. J Control Release 190:304–313
Kumar A, Srivastava A, Galaev IY, Mattiasson B (2007) Smart polymers: physical forms and bioengineering applications. Prog Polym Sci 32:1205–1237
Roy D, Cambre JN, Sumerlin BS (2010) Future perspectives and recent advances in stimuli-responsive materials. Prog Polym Sci 35:278–301
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Saini, R.K., Patel, S., Bajpai, J., Bajpai, A.K. (2020). Advanced Controlled Nanopesticide Delivery Systems for Managing Insect Pests. In: K. R., R., Thomas, S., Volova, T., K., J. (eds) Controlled Release of Pesticides for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23396-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23396-9_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-23395-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-23396-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)