Abstract
Technologies are offering immeasurable benefits to the development of humanity such as faster communications, cheaper lighting solution for developing countries, and surgery free micro-endoscopy. Among many, nanoelectronics and photonics are inevitable for the new technological revolution. Nanoelectronics influences development pace of devices in terms of form and function. Nanoelectronics and photonics are advanced than current technologies. Hence nanoelectronics and photonic devices emerged as leading technologies for novel devices. Nanoelectronics can make the conventional device properties and performance richer through quantum effects. The present chapter discusses about fundamentals and key developments in the field of electronics and photonics. The various devices that utilize nanoelectronics and photonics are also discussed. Strategies for improving performance of conventional electronic and photonic devices including solar cell, Light emitting diodes (LEDs), solar concentrators, photodetectors, and unconventional devices are also discussed. The functional materials including quantum dots, polymers, and Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) which enabled the nanoelectronics and nanophotonics are also discussed. We summarize the current understanding of various high impact works on nanoelectronics and photonics and its demonstrated applications. We compare and contrast the conventional electronics over nanoelectronics. The underlying principles and control parameters of nano and photonic technologies are also discussed. As an advancement, the state-of-the-art methodologies for preparing single atom/molecular electronics are also explored. We also suggest the commercial viability of nanoelectronics and photonics based devices in the current technological markets. Finally, we highlight the road map of current technologies, indicate the future directions, discuss the open questions, and prospects of nanoelectronic and photonic devices. We also indicate the fundamental obstacles in the field of nanoelectronics and nanophotonics. Through the present work, we show that nanoelectronics and photonics could enable the next-generation optoelectronics. And we also argue that the nano and photonic technologies have the potential to solve new challenging problems. We believe that our work will greatly increase the understanding and usability of nanoelectronics and photonics.
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Acknowledgments
B.G.K acknowledges P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India for the infrastructure. K.S.P is grateful to Bharadhidasan Government College for Women (Autonomous), Puducherry UT, India for the infrastructure.
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Kumar, B.G., Prakash, K.S. (2021). Nanoelectronics and Photonics for Next Generation Devices. In: Hussain, C.M., Thomas, S. (eds) Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_53-1
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