Skip to main content

Anaesthesia for Supine and Modified Supine PNL

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Anaesthetists need to be aware of the difficulties and complications specific to PNL, a well-established endourological means of kidney stone removal. Although traditionally PNL has been performed in the semi-prone or prone position, more recently some centres have been successfully performing the procedure in a supine or modified supine position. This presents some significant advantages from the viewpoint of the anaesthetist, as well as a small number of disadvantages. However, many of the anaesthetist’s concerns regarding PNL are similar whatever the position used. Patient’s features and co-morbidities should be preliminarily evaluated in order to choose the best anaesthetic technique. Intraoperative management is also described, facing not only specific PNL complications such as blood loss or septic risk but also often overlooked issues including fluid balance and thermal control.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Karacalar S, Bilen CY, Sarihasan B, Sarikaya S (2009) Spinal-epidural anesthesia versus general anesthesia in the management of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. J Endourol 23:1591–1597

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kuzgunbay B, Turunc T, Akin S et al (2009) Percutaneous nephrolithotomy under general versus combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. J Endourol 23:1835–1838

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Singh V, Sinha RJ, Sankhwar SN, Malik A (2011) A prospective randomized study comparing percutaneous nephrolithotomy under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with percutaneous nephrolithotomy under general anesthesia. Urol Int 87:293–298

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Tangpaitoon T, Nisoog C, Lojanapiwat B (2012) Efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): a prospective and randomized study comparing regional epidural anesthesia with general anesthesia. Int Braz J Urol 38:504–511

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chen Y, Zhou Z, Sun W et al (2011) Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy under peritubal local infiltration anesthesia. World J Urol 29:773–777

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Parikh GP, Shah VR, Modi MP, Chauchan NC (2011) The analgesic efficacy of peritubal infiltration of 0.25 % bupivacaine in percutaneous nephrolithotomy – a prospective randomized study. J Anasesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 27:481–484

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Rozentsveig V, Neulander EZ, Roussabrov E et al (2007) Anesthetic considerations during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. J Clin Anesth 19:351–355

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Vorrakitpokatorn P, Permtongchuchai K, Raksamani EO, Phettongkam A (2006) Perioperative complications and risk factors of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. J Med Assoc Thai 89:826–833

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Akhavan A, Gainsburg DM, Stock JA (2010) Complications associated with patient positioning in urologic surgery. Urology 76:1309–1316

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Anderton J (1991) The prone position for the surgical patient: a historical review of the principles and hazards. Br J Anaesth 67:452–463

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Edgecombe H, Carter K, Yarrow S (2008) Anaesthesia in the prone position. Br J Anaesth 100:165–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Borthakur B, Garg R (2011) Arrhythmias in prone position. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 27:420

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Dube SK, Bharti SJ, Rath GP (2011) Frequent ventricular contractions under anaesthesia in prone position. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 27:142–143

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ho JD, Dawes DM, Moore JC et al (2011) Effect of position and weight force on inferior vena cava diameter – implications for arrest-related death. Forensic Sci Int 212:256–259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Leslie K, Wu CY, Bjorksten AR et al (2011) Cardiac output and propofol concentrations in prone surgical patients. Anaesth Intensive Care 39:868–874

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Yu M, Leng Y, Bai Y et al (2011) The evaluation of the effect of body positioning on intra-abdominal pressure measurement and the effect of intra-abdominal pressure at different body positioning on organ function and prognosis in critically ill patients. J Crit Care 27:222.e1–222.e6

    Google Scholar 

  17. Anusionwu IM, Wright EJ (2011) Compartment syndrome after positioning in lithotomy: what a urologist needs to know. BJU Int 108:477–481

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Anderton J, Schady W, Markham D (1994) An unusual cause of postoperative brachial plexus palsy. J Anaesth 72:605–607

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Schwartz D, Drummond D, Hahn M et al (2000) Prevention of positional brachial plexopathy during surgical correction of scoliosis. Spinal Disord 13:178–182

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Winfree C, Kline D (2005) Intraoperative positioning nerve injuries. Surg Neurol 63:5–18

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Addla SK, Rajpal S, Sutcliffe N, Adeyoju A (2008) A simple aid to improve patient positioning during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 90:433–434

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Agah M, Ghasemi M, Roodneshin F et al (2011) Prone position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy and postoperative visual loss. Urol J 8:191–198

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Tempelhoff R (2008) An optic nerve at risk and a prolonged surgery in the prone position. Anaesthesiology 108:775–776

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Langmayr J, Ortler M, Obwegeser A, Felber S (1996) Quadriplegia after lumbar disc surgery. Spine 21:1932–1935

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Barak M, Putilov V, Meretyk S, Halachmi S (2010) ETView tracheoscopic ventilation tube for surveillance after tube position in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Br J Anaesth 104:501–504

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Singh G, Manikandan S, Neema PK (2011) Endotracheal tube fixation in neurosurgical procedure operated in prone position. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 27:574–575

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Wu SD, Yilmaz M, Tamul PC et al (2009) Awake endotracheal intubation and prone patient self-positioning: anesthetic and positioning considerations during percutaneous nephrolithotomy in obese patients. J Endourol 23:1599–1602

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Atkinson CJ, Turney BW, Noble JG et al (2011) Supine vs prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an anaesthetist’s view. BJU Int 108:306–309

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Roberts S, Bolton DM, Stoller ML (1994) Hypothermia associated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Urology 44:832–835

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adebanji A. B. Adeyoju MB, BS, FRCS (Urol) .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag France

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Adeyoju, A.A.B., Sutcliffe, N. (2014). Anaesthesia for Supine and Modified Supine PNL. In: Scoffone, C., Hoznek, A., Cracco, C. (eds) Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and ECIRS. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0459-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0459-0_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-8178-0359-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0459-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics