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Mésothéliome pleural malin

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Oncologie thoracique

Part of the book series: Oncologie pratique ((ONCOLPRAT))

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Résumé

Le mésothéliome pleural malin (MPM) est une tumeur agressive liée à l’exposition professionnelle aux fi bres d’amiante. Ces fi bres ont été largement utilisées après la Seconde guerre mondiale jusqu’à la fi n des années 1970, pour leurs propriétés de résistance à de hautes températures. Les professions les plus à risque demeurent les tôliers chaudronniers, les travailleurs de chantiers navals, les carrossiers industriels, les professionnels du bâtiment, soudeurs, dockers, techniciens de laboratoires, peintres/plâtriers, mécaniciens d’entretien industriel et travailleurs du chemin de fer (1). Une exposition asbestosique n’est cependant retrouvée que chez 80 % des patients atteints de mésothéliomes, et chez seulement 50 % des femmes atteintes, dont le nombre semble augmenter (1). Du fait du temps de latence entre l’exposition asbestosique et le développement de la maladie (20 à 40 ans), l’incidence du mésothéliome pleural nàa cessé de croître entre 1960 et 2000, mais le pic d’incidence prévu par l’INSERM en France vers 2020-2030 semble d’ores et déjà atteint avec un plateau entre 2000 et 2005, alors que l’incidence continue à croître dans les pays anglo-saxons du fait de législations antiamiante moins «drastiques» et d’une exposition professionnelle plus forte au fi bre d’amphibole (2). Bien qu’encore rare dans la population générale non exposée à l’amiante (< 1 cas/million d’habitants et par an), le MPM représente 100 cas/million/an dans la population exposée à l’amiante ce qui donne une incidence de 800 à 1 000 cas/an en France.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de pneumologie Pôle Cœur-Poumons-Vaisseaux CHU de Caen Équipe régionale Inserm 3 «Cancers & Populations» CHU de Caen, Université Basse-Normandie Institut régional du cancer de Basse-Normandie, 1, avenue Côte de Nacre, 14033, Caen Cedex 05

    E. Bergot & G. Zalcman

  2. Service de pneumologie, Pôle Cœur-Poumons-Vaisseaux CHU de Caen, 1, avenue Côte de Nacre, 14033, Caen Cedex 05

    J. Madelaine

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Bergot, E., Madelaine, J., Zalcman, G. (2011). Mésothéliome pleural malin. In: Oncologie thoracique. Oncologie pratique. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-99041-0_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-99041-0_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

  • Print ISBN: 978-2-287-99040-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-2-287-99041-0

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