Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Carotenoid Bioavailability: Influence of Dietary Lipid and Fiber

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Carotenoids and Human Health

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Consistent with observed nutritive and health promoting roles of dietary carotenoids, interest in factors that impact their bioavailability has grown.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. United States Department of Health and Human Services, U.S.D.A., and United States Dietary Guidelines Committee. Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Yonekura L, Nagao A. Intestinal absorption of dietary carotenoids. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007;51(1):107–15.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Yeum KJ, Russell RM. Carotenoid bioavailability and bioconversion. Annu Rev Nutr. 2002;22:483–504.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Stahl W, et al. Bioavailability and metabolism. Mol Aspects Med. 2002;23(1–3):39–100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Tyssandier V, et al. Processing of vegetable-borne carotenoids in the human stomach and duodenum. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003;284(6):G913–23.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Parker RS, et al. Bioavailability of carotenoids in human subjects. Proc Nutr Soc. 1999;58(1):155–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Poor CL, et al. The accumulation of a- and b-carotene in serum and tissues of preruminant calves fed raw and steamed carrot slurries. J Nutr. 1993;123(7):1296–304.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Dietz JM, Sri Kantha S, Erdman Jr JW. Reversed phase HPLC analysis of a- and b-carotene from selected raw and cooked vegetables. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1988;38(4):333–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Furr HC, Clark RM. Intestinal absorption and tissue distribution of carotenoids. Nutr Biochem. 1997;8:364–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Borel P, et al. Carotenoids in biological emulsions: solubility, surface-to-core distribution, and release from lipid droplets. J Lipid Res. 1996;37(2):250–61.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Thomson AB, et al. Lipid absorption: passing through the unstirred layers, brush-border membrane, and beyond. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1993;71(8):531–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Hernell O, Staggers JE, Carey MC. Physical-chemical behavior of dietary and biliary lipids during intestinal digestion and absorption. 2. Phase analysis and aggregation states of luminal lipids during duodenal fat digestion in healthy adult human beings. Biochemistry. 1990;29(8):2041–56.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Hofmann AF. The function of bile salts in fat absorption. The solvent properties of dilute micellar solutions of conjugated bile salts. Biochem J. 1963;89:57–68.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Tyssandier V, Lyan B, Borel P. Main factors governing the transfer of carotenoids from emulsion lipid droplets to micelles. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001;1533(3):285–92.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Nagao A. Absorption and function of dietary carotenoids. Forum Nutr. 2009;61:55–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Erdman Jr JW, Bierer TL, Gugger ET. Absorption and transport of carotenoids. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993;691:76–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. El-Gorab MI, Underwood BA, Loerch JD. The roles of bile salts in the uptake of b-carotene and retinol by rat everted gut sacs. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975;401(2):265–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hollander D, Ruble Jr PE. b-carotene intestinal absorption: bile, fatty acid, pH, and flow rate effects on transport. Am J Physiol. 1978;235(6):E686–91.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Scita G, Aponte GW, Wolf G. Uptake and cleavage of b-carotene by cultures of rat small intestinal cells and human lung fibroblasts. Methods Enzymol. 1993;214:21–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Moore AC, Gugger ET, Erdman Jr JW. Brush border membrane vesicles from rats and gerbils can be utilized to evaluate the intestinal uptake of all-trans and 9-cis b-carotene. J Nutr. 1996;126(11):2904–12.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. During A, et al. Carotenoid uptake and secretion by CaCo-2 cells: b-carotene isomer selectivity and carotenoid interactions. J Lipid Res. 2002;43(7):1086–95.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. van Bennekum A, et al. Class B scavenger receptor-mediated intestinal absorption of dietary b-carotene and cholesterol. Biochemistry. 2005;44(11):4517–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Sugawara T, et al. Lysophosphatidylcholine enhances carotenoid uptake from mixed micelles by Caco-2 human intestinal cells. J Nutr. 2001;131(11):2921–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Baskaran V, Sugawara T, Nagao A. Phospholipids affect the intestinal absorption of carotenoids in mice. Lipids. 2003;38(7):705–11.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lakshminarayana R, et al. Enhanced lutein bioavailability by lyso-phosphatidylcholine in rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2006;281(1–2):103–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Raju M, et al. Influence of phospholipids on b-carotene absorption and conversion into vitamin A in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2005;51(4):216–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Parker RS. Absorption, metabolism, and transport of carotenoids. FASEB J. 1996;10(5):542–51.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Glover J, Redfearn ER. The mechanism of the transformation of b-carotene into vitamin A in vivo. Biochem J. 1954;58(331st Meeting):xv–xvi.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Wang XD, et al. Retinoic acid can be produced from excentric cleavage of b-carotene in human intestinal mucosa. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992;293(2):298–304.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Borel P, et al. Chylomicron b-Carotene and retinyl palmitate responses are dramatically diminished when men ingest b-carotene with medium-chain rather than long-chain triglycerides. J Nutr. 1998;128(8):1361–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. van Greevenbroek MM, et al. Effects of saturated, mono-, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the secretion of apo B containing lipoproteins by Caco-2 cells. Atherosclerosis. 1996;121(1):139–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Prince MR, Frisoli JK. b-Carotene accumulation in serum and skin. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;57(2):175–81.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Brown MJ, et al. Carotenoid bioavailability is higher from salads ingested with full-fat than with fat-reduced salad dressings as measured with electrochemical detection. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80(2):396–403.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Jayarajan P, Reddy V, Mohanram M. Effect of dietary fat on absorption of b carotene from green leafy vegetables in children. Indian J Med Res. 1980;71:53–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Takyi EE. Children’s consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables with added fat enhances serum retinol. J Nutr. 1999;129(8):1549–54.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ribaya-Mercado JD, et al. Carotene-rich plant foods ingested with minimal dietary fat enhance the total-body vitamin A pool size in Filipino schoolchildren as assessed by stable-isotope-dilution methodology. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85(4):1041–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Ribaya-Mercado JD, et al. Bioconversion of plant carotenoids to vitamin A in Filipino school-aged children varies inversely with vitamin A status. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2):455–65.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Roodenburg AJ, et al. Amount of fat in the diet affects bioavailability of lutein esters but not of a-carotene, ­b-carotene, and vitamin E in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(5):1187–93.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Unlu NZ, et al. Carotenoid absorption from salad and salsa by humans is enhanced by the addition of avocado or avocado oil. J Nutr. 2005;135(3):431–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Goltz SG, et al. Meal triacylglycerol profile modulates carotenoid post-prandial absorption in humans. FASEB J. 2011;25:975.10.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Goltz SR, et al. Meal triacylglycerol profile modulates postprandial absorption of carotenoids in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012;56(6):866–77.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Clark RM, Furr HC. Absorption of canthaxanthin by the rat is influenced by total lipid in the intestinal lumen. Lipids. 2001;36(5):473–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Mills JP, et al. Sweet potato b-carotene bioefficacy is enhanced by dietary fat and not reduced by soluble fiber intake in Mongolian gerbils. J Nutr. 2009;139(1):44–50.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Deming DM, et al. Amount of dietary fat and type of soluble fiber independently modulate postabsorptive conversion of b-carotene to vitamin A in Mongolian gerbils. J Nutr. 2000;130(11):2789–96.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Roche HM, et al. The effect of test meal monounsaturated fatty acid: saturated fatty acid ratio on postprandial lipid metabolism. Br J Nutr. 1998;79(5):419–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Harris WS, et al. Reduction of postprandial triglyceridemia in humans by dietary n-3 fatty acids. J Lipid Res. 1988;29(11):1451–60.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Weintraub MS, et al. Dietary polyunsaturated fats of the W-6 and W-3 series reduce postprandial lipoprotein levels. Chronic and acute effects of fat saturation on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism. J Clin Invest. 1988;82(6):1884–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Lai HC, Ney DM. Corn oil, palm oil and butterfat fractions affect postprandial lipemia and lipoprotein lipase in meal-fed rats. J Nutr. 1995;125(6):1536–45.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Mekki N, et al. Butter differs from olive oil and sunflower oil in its effects on postprandial lipemia and triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins after single mixed meals in healthy young men. J Nutr. 2002;132(12):3642–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Tholstrup T, et al. Effect of 6 dietary fatty acids on the postprandial lipid profile, plasma fatty acids, lipoprotein lipase, and cholesterol ester transfer activities in healthy young men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73(2):198–208.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Alam BS, Brown LR, Alam SQ. Influence of dietary fats and vitamin E on plasma and hepatic vitamin A and b-carotene levels in rats fed excess b-carotene. Nutr Cancer. 1990;14(2):111–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lakshminarayana R, et al. Lutein and zeaxanthin in leafy greens and their bioavailability: olive oil influences the absorption of dietary lutein and its accumulation in adult rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2007;55(15):6395–400.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Clark RM, et al. A comparison of lycopene and astaxanthin absorption from corn oil and olive oil emulsions. Lipids. 2000;35(7):803–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Lee A, Thurnham DI, Chopra M. Consumption of tomato products with olive oil but not sunflower oil increases the antioxidant activity of plasma. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000;29(10):1051–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Hu X, Jandacek RJ, White WS. Intestinal absorption of b-carotene ingested with a meal rich in sunflower oil or beef tallow: postprandial appearance in triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(5):1170–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Garrett DA, Failla ML, Sarama RJ. Development of an in vitro digestion method to assess carotenoid bioavailability from meals. J Agric Food Chem. 1999;47(10):4301–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Reboul E, et al. Bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E from their main dietary sources. J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54(23):8749–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Chitchumroonchokchai C, Schwartz SJ, Failla ML. Assessment of lutein bioavailability from meals and a supplement using simulated digestion and Caco-2 human intestinal cells. J Nutr. 2004;134(9):2280–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Huo T, et al. Impact of fatty acyl composition and quantity of triglycerides on bioaccessibility of dietary carotenoids. J Agric Food Chem. 2007;55(22):8950–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Kohut AR, et al. The impact of lipid quantity and type on carotenoid bioaccessibility from vegetables. FASEB J. 2007;21:A350.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Boato F, et al. Red grape juice inhibits iron availability: application of an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model. J Agric Food Chem. 2002;50(23):6935–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Mesias M, Seiquer I, Navarro MP. Influence of diets rich in Maillard reaction products on calcium bioavailability. Assays in male adolescents and in Caco-2 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2009;57(20):9532–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Kim EY, Pai TK, Han O. Effect of bioactive dietary polyphenols on zinc transport across the intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(8):3606–12.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Brand W, et al. Metabolism and transport of the citrus flavonoid hesperetin in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008;36(9):1794–802.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Shulman M, et al. Enhancement of naringenin bioavailability by complexation with hydroxypropoyl-b-cyclodextrin. PLoS One. 2011;6(4):e18033.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Liu Y, Hu M. Absorption and metabolism of flavonoids in the Caco-2 cell culture model and a perused rat intestinal model. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002;30(4):370–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Flanagan SD, et al. Contributions of saturable active secretion, passive transcellular, and paracellular diffusion to the overall transport of furosemide across adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells. J Pharm Sci. 2002;91(4):1169–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Hu M, et al. Mechanisms of transport of quinapril in Caco-2 cell monolayers: comparison with cephalexin. Pharm Res. 1995;12(8):1120–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Lo Y, Liu F, Cherng J. Effect of PSC 833 liposomes and intralipid on the transport of epirubicin in Caco-2 cells and rat intestines. J Control Release. 2001;76(1–2):1–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Hidalgo IJ, Raub TJ, Borchardt RT. Characterization of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) as a model system for intestinal epithelial permeability. Gastroenterology. 1989;96(3):736–49.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Moberly JB, et al. Oleic acid stimulation of apolipoprotein B secretion from HepG2 and Caco-2 cells occurs post-transcriptionally. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990;1042(1):70–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Chitchumroonchokchai C, et al. Dietary fats with increased ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids enhance absorption of carotenoid and vitamin E by increasing both efficiency of micellarization and lipoprotein secretion. FASEB J. 2010;24:539.3.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Erdman Jr JW, Fahey Jr GC, White CB. Effects of purified dietary fiber sources on b-carotene utilization by the chick. J Nutr. 1986;116(12):2415–23.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Rock CL, Swendseid ME. Plasma b-carotene response in humans after meals supplemented with dietary pectin. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;55(1):96–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Riedl J, et al. Some dietary fibers reduce the absorption of carotenoids in women. J Nutr. 1999;129(12):2170–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Kay RM, Judd PA, Truswell AS. The effect of pectin on serum cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr. 1978;31(4):562–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Kay RM, Truswell AS. Effect of citrus pectin on blood lipids and fecal steroid excretion in man. Am J Clin Nutr. 1977;30(2):171–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Vahouny GV, Cassidy MM. Dietary fibers and absorption of nutrients. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1985;180(3):432–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Phillips DR. The effect of guar gum in solution on diffusion of cholesterol mixed micelles. J Sci Food Agric. 1986;37:548–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Judd PA, Truswell AS. The hypocholesterolaemic effects of pectins in rats. Br J Nutr. 1985;53(3):409–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Gallaher D, Schneeman BO. Intestinal interaction of bile acids, phospholipids, dietary fibers, and cholestyramine. Am J Physiol. 1986;250(4 Pt 1):G420–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Dimitrov NV, et al. Bioavailability of b-carotene in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988;48(2):298–304.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Ahuja KD, et al. Effects of olive oil and tomato lycopene combination on serum lycopene, lipid profile, and lipid oxidation. Nutrition. 2006;22(3):259–65.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Shellen R. Goltz Ph.D., R.D. & Mario G. Ferruzzi Ph.D.

  2. Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Shellen R. Goltz Ph.D., R.D. & Mario G. Ferruzzi Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Shellen R. Goltz Ph.D., R.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mario G. Ferruzzi Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mario G. Ferruzzi Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Linden Dr., Madison, 53706, Wisconsin, USA

    Sherry A. Tanumihardjo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Goltz, S.R., Ferruzzi, M.G. (2013). Carotenoid Bioavailability: Influence of Dietary Lipid and Fiber. In: Tanumihardjo, S. (eds) Carotenoids and Human Health. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-203-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-203-2_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-202-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-203-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation