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Endothelial Injury and Cell Cycle Re-Entry

  • Chapter
The Cell Cycle in the Central Nervous System

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

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Abstract

Endothelial cells (ECs) affect the homeostasis of the vessel wall in terms of vasomotor tone, platelet and monocyte adhesion, growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, and extracellular matrix production. They, thereby, provide an antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory barrier for the normal vessel wall. Migration and proliferation of ECs is critical in the repair of injured vessels and in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis during development, tumor growth, and tissue repair. Regulation of the cell cycle is achieved through a complex and ordered sequence of events controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), the activation of which depends on regulatory phosphorylation, and their association with protein subunits, cyclins. The activation of CDKs is in turn negatively regulated by several CDK inhibitors. This chapter summarizes the most pertinent findings related to the control of cell growth and migration of vascular ECs, as relevant for maintaining the homeostasis of the vessel wall during angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, as well as for vascular remodeling during wound healing, tumor in-growth, atherogenesis, and restenosis.

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  1. Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

    Ljiljana Krizanac-Bengez MD, PhD

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  1. Ljiljana Krizanac-Bengez MD, PhD
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  1. The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

    Damir Janigro PhD

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Krizanac-Bengez, L. (2006). Endothelial Injury and Cell Cycle Re-Entry. In: Janigro, D. (eds) The Cell Cycle in the Central Nervous System. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-021-8_16

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