Abstract
Otitis externa, an inflammatory condition involving the superficial layer of the external auditory canal, may be acute or chronic. Acute otitis externa in the elderly is generally a benign disorder, which may be localized or generalized. Chronic otitis externa is caused by the irritation due to the drainage from the middle ear in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. An uncommon form of external otitis called “malignant otitis externa” is an invasive, necrotizing infection that spreads from the squamous epithelium of the ear canal to the periauricular soft tissue, blood vessels, cartilage, and bone (1–3).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Evans, P. and Hoffman, L. (1994) Malignant otitis externa: a case report and review. Am Fam. Phys. 49, 427–431.
Doroghazi, R. M., Nadol, J. B., Hyslop, N. E., et al. (1981) Invasive external otitis. Am. J. Med. 71, 603–613.
Rubin, J. and Yu, V. L. (1988) Malignant external otitis: Insights into pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapy. Am. J. Med. 85, 391–398.
Ford, G. R. and Courtney-Harris, R. G. (1990) Another hazard of ear syringing: malignant external otitis. Laryngol. Otol. 104, 709–710.
Wernorth, S. E., Schessel, D., and Tuazon, C. U. (1994) Malignant otitis externa in AIDS patients: case report and review of the literature. Ear Nose Throat J. 73, 772–778.
Bayardelle, P., Jolivet-Granger, M., and Larochelle, D. (1982) Staphylococcal external otitis. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 126, 155–156.
Coser, P. L., Stamm, A. E. C., Lobo, R. C., et al. (1980) Malignant external otitis in infants. Laryngoscope 90, 312–316.
Petrak, R. M., Pottage, J. C., and Levin, S. (1985) Invasive external otitis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in an immunocompromised patient. J. Infect. Dis. 15, 196–196.
Phillips, P., Bryce, G., and Shepherd, J. (1990) Invasive external otitis caused by Aspergillus. Rev. Infect. Dis. 12, 277–281.
Johnson, M. P. and Ramphal, R. (1990) Malignant external otitis: report on therapy with ceftazidime and review of therapy and prognosis. Rev. Infect. Dis. 12, 173–180.
Rubin, J., Curtin, H. D., Yu, V. L., et al. (1990) Malignant otitis externa. Utility of CT in diagnosis and follow up. Radiology 174, 391–394.
Levin, W. J., Shary, J. H., Nichols, L. T., et al. (1986) Bone scanning in severe external otitis. Laryngoscope 96, 1193–1195.
Parisier, S. C., Lucente, F. E., Som, P. M., et al. (1992) Nuclear scanning in necrotizing progressive“malignant” external otitis. Laryngoscope 92, 1016–1020.
Boustred, N. (1999) Practical guide to otitis externa. Aust. Fam. Phys. 28, 217–221.
Hickey, S. A., Ford, G. R., O’Connor, A. F., et al. (1989) Treating malignant otitis with oral ciprofloxacin. Br. Med. J. 299, 550–551.
Lang, R. L., Goshen, K., Kitzes-Cohen, R., et al. (1990) Successful treatment of malignant otitis externa with oral ciprofloxacin: report of experience with 23 patients. J. Infect. Dis. 161, 537–540.
Gehanno, P. (1994) Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of malignant otitis externa. Chemotherapy 1, 35–40.
Rapoport, Y., Shalit, I., Redianu, C., et al (1991) Oral ofloxacin therapy for invasive external otitis. Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 100, 632–637.
Levenson, M. J., Parisier, S. C., Dolitsky, J., et al. (1991) Ciprofloxacin: drug of choice in malignant external otitis. Laryngoscope 101, 821–824.
Bluestone, C. D. and Klein, J. O. (eds.) (1987) Otitis Media in Infants and Children, Saunders, W. B., Philadelphia, PA.
Berman, S. (1995) Otitis media in children. N. Engl. J. Med. 332, 1560–1565.
Karver, S. B. (1998) Otitis media. Primary Care: Clin. Office Pract. 25, 619–632.
Klein, J. O. (1994) Otitis media. Clin. Infect. Dis. 19, 823–833.
Schappert, S. M. (1992) Office visits for otitis media: United States, in Vital and Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control/National Centers for Health Statistics, Atlanta, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 214, 3–18.
Teele, D. W., Klein, J. O., and the Greater Boston Collaborative Study Group. (1981) Use of pneumococcal vaccine for prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in infants in Boston. Rev. Infect. Dis. 3 (Suppl), 113–119.
Etzel, R. A., Pattishall, E. N., Haley, N. J., et al. (1992) Passive smoking and middle ear effusion among children in day care. Pediatrics 90, 228–223.
Van Hare, G. F., Shurin, P. A., Marchant, C. D., et al. (1987) Acute otitis media caused by Branhamella catarrhalis: Biology and therapy. Rev. Infect. Dis. 9, 16–27.
Bluestone, C. D., Connell, J. T., Doyle, W. J., et al. (1988) Symposium: questioning the efficacy and safety of antihistamines in the treatment of upper respiratory infection. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 7, 15–42.
Benson, V. and Marano, M. A. (1994) Current estimates from the national health interview survey, 1992. Vital Health Stat. 189, 1–269.
Gwaltney, J. M. J. (1996) Acute community-acquired sinusitis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 23, 1209–1223.
Yonkers, A. J. (1992) Sinusitis-inspecting the cause and treatment. Ear Nose Throat J. 71, 258–262.
Westergren, V., Lundblad, L., Hellquist, H. B., et al. (1998) Ventilator-associated sinusitis: a review. Clin. Infect. Dis. 27, 851–864.
Pedersen, J., Schurizek, B. A., Melsen, N. C., et al. (1991) The effect of nasotracheal intubation on the paranasal sinuses: a prospective study of 434 intensive care unit patients. Acta. Anaesth. Scand. 35, 11–13.
Dingle, J. H., Badger, G. F., and Jordan, W. S., Jr. (1964) Illness in the Home: A Study of 25,000 Illnesses in a Group of Cleveland Families, Press of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, p. 292.
McMahan, J. T. (1990) Paranasal sinusitis-geriatric considerations. Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. 23, 1169–1177.
McAlister, W. H., Lusk, R., and Muntz, H. R. (1989) Comparison of plain radiograph an CT scan in infants and children with recurrent sinusutis. Am. J. Roentgenol. 153, 1259–1264.
Gwaltney, J. M. J., Phillips, C. D., Miller, R. D., et al. (1994) Computed tomographic study of the common cold. N. Eng. J. Med. 330, 25–30.
Evans, K. L. (1998) Recognition and management of sinusitis. Drugs 56, 59–71.
Fagnan, L. J. (1998) Acute sinusitis: a cost-effective approach to diagnosis and treatment. Am. Fam. Phys. 58, 1795–1806.
Poole, M. D. (1999) A focus on acute sinusitis in adults: changes in disease management. Am. J. Med. 106, S38 - S52.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dhawan, V.K. (2001). Otitis Externa, Otitis Media, and Sinusitis. In: Yoshikawa, T.T., Norman, D.C. (eds) Infectious Disease in the Aging. Infectious Disease. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-026-1_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-026-1_15
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5459-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-026-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive