Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Physical Abuse of Children

  • Chapter
Handbook of Family Violence

Abstract

Cruelty toward and maltreatment of children has become a topic of much social concern during the past 20 years. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the roots of this concern, analyze the magnitude of the problem, review current knowledge and, lastly, provide a framework for considering treatment, prediction, and prevention. Only physical abuse will be discussed; other forms of maltreatment such as sexual abuse, neglect, and institutional abuse are beyond the scope of this review. The terms abuse and maltreatment will be used synonymously and refer to inflicted trauma or injury by parents or other caregivers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aber, J. L., and Cicchetti, D. (1982). The socio-emotional development of maltreated children: An empirical and theoretical analysis. In H. Fitzgerald, B. Lester, and M. Yogman, (Eds.), Theory and research in behavioral pediatrics (Vol. 2, pp. 118–187 ). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albee, G. W. (1980). Primary prevention and social problems. In G. Gerbner, C. J. Ross, and E. Zigler (Eds.), Child abuse: An agenda for action (pp. 106–117 ). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, W., Barone, N., and Tooman, P. (1982). The dilemma of anonymous reporting in child protective services. Child Welfare, 61, 3–14.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Altemeier, W. A., III, Vietze, P. M., Sherrod, K. B., Sandler, H. M., Falsey, S., and O’Connor, S. (1979). Prediction of child maltreatment during pregnancy. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 18, 205–218.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • American Humane Association. (1985). Highlights of official child neglect and abuse reporting 1983. Denver CO: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, S. C., and Lauderdale, M. L. (1982). Characteristics of abusive parents: A look at self-esteem. Child Abuse and Neglect, 6, 285–293.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bakan, D. (1971). Slaughter of the innocents: A study of the battered child phenomenon. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1973). Aggression: A social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barahal, R. M., Waterman, J., and Martin, H. P. (1981). The social-cognitive development of abused children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 508–516.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baron, R. A. (1977). Human aggression: New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, R. Q., and Harper, L. V. (1977). Child effects on parents. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belsky, J. (1980). Child maltreatment: An ecological integration. American Psychologist, 35, 320–335.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benedict, M. I., White, R. B., and Comely, D. A. (1985). Maternal perinatal risk factors and child abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 9, 217–224.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berkowitz, L. (1974). Some determinants of impulsive aggression: Role of mediated associations with reinforcement for aggression. Psychological Review, 81, 165–176.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Besharov, D. (1978). The abused and neglected child: Multidisciplinary court practice. Philadelphia, PA: Practicing Law Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bousha, D. M., and Twentyman, C. T. (1984). Mother-child interactional style in abuse, neglect, and control groups: Naturalistic observations in the home. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 106–114.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brody, H., and Gaiss, B. (1976, March). Ethical issues in screening for unusual childrearing practices. Pediatric

    Google Scholar 

  • Annals,pp. 106–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brownell, A., and Shumaker, S. A. (1984). Social support: An introduction to a complex phenomenon. Journal of Social Issues, 40 (4), 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brunnquell, D., Crichton, L., and Egeland, B. (1981). Maternal personality and attitude in disturbances of child-rearing. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 51, 680–691.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, R. L., and Conger, R. D. (1977). Family interaction patterns related to child abuse and neglect: Some preliminary findings. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1, 269–277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, R. L., and Conger, R. D. (1978). Family interactions in abusive, neglectful, and normal families. Child Development, 49, 1163–1173.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, R. L., and Garbarino, J. (1983). Doing what comes naturally? An evolutionary perspective on child abuse. In D. Finkelhor, R. J. Gelles, G. T. Hotaling, and M. A. Straus (Eds.), The dark side of families: Current family violence research (pp. 88–101 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caffey, J. (1946). Multiple fractures in the long bones of infants suffering from Chronic Subdural Hematoma. American Journal of Roentgenology, 56, 163–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caffey, J., and Silverman, W. A. (1945). Infantile cortical hyperostoses: Preliminary report on a new syndrome. American Journal of Roentgenology, 54, 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, B. (1980). Violent childhood and the neglect of children’s rights. In The ombudsman and child maltreatment (pp. 13–25 ). Stockholm, Sweden: Radda Barnen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carr, A. (1978). Reported child maltreatment in Florida: The operation of public child protective service systems (Report submitted to National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, grant #90-C425). Unpublished manuscript, University of Rhode Island, Kingston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, S., Gray, E., and Wald, M. (1984). Preventing a child maltreatment: A review of what we know. Prevention focus (Working paper No. 024 ). Chicago, IL: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohler, B. J., Weiss, J. L., and Grunebaum, H. U. (1970). Child care attitudes and emotional disturbance among mothers of young children. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 82, 3–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, A. H. (1979a). Essential components of successful child abuse and neglect treatment. Child Abuse and Neglect, 3, 491–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, A. H. (1979b). An evaluation of three demonstration child abuse and neglect treatment programs. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 18, 283–291.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, A. H. (1983). An approach to preventing child abuse. Chicago, IL: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conger, R. D., Burgess, R., and Barrett, C. (1979). Child abuse related to life change and perceptions of illness: Some preliminary findings. Family Coordinator, 28, 73–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corey, E. J. B., Miller, C. L., and Widlak, F. W. (1975). Factors contributing to child abuse. Nursing Research, 24, 293–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeFrancis, V. (1973). Protecting the abused child. In Child Abuse Prevention Act, 1973, Hearings before the Subcommittee on Children and Youth of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, United States Senate on S. 1191 (pp. 323–333 ). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • deMause, L. (1974). The evolution of childhood. In L. deMause (Ed.), The history of childhood (pp. 1–74 ). New York: Psychohistory Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • deMause, L. (1980). Our forbears made childhood a nightmare. In G. J. Williams and J. Money (Eds.), Traumatic abuse and neglect of children at home (pp. 14–20 ). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Department of Health and Human Services. (1981). Study findings: National study of the incidence and severity of child abuse and neglect (DHHS Publication No. OHDS 81–30325 ). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietrich, K. N., Starr, R. H., Jr., and Weisfeld, G. E. (1983). Infant maltreatment: Caretaker-infant interaction and developmental consequences at different levels of parenting failure. Pediatrics, 72, 532–540.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Disbrow, M. A., Doerr, H., and Caulfield, C. (1977). Measuring the components of parents’ potential for child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1, 279–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Downs, A. (1972). Up and down with ecology: “The issue attention cycle.” Public Interest, 32, (Summer), 38–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duquette, D. N. (1982). Protecting individual liberties in the context of screening for child abuse. In R. H. Stan, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 191–204 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebeling, N. B., and Hill, D. A. (Eds.). (1983). Child abuse and neglect: A guide with case studies for treating the child and family. Boston, MA: John Wright.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B. and Brunnquell, D. (1979). An at-risk approach to the study of child abuse. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 18, 219–235.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B., and Sroufe, A. (1981a). Developmental sequelae of maltreatment in infancy. New Directions for Child Development, 11, 77–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B., and Sroufe, L. A. (1981b). Attachment and early maltreatment. Child development, 52, 44–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B., and Vaughn, B. (1981). failure of “bond formation” as a cause of abuse, neglect, and maltreatment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 51, 78–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B., Deinard, A., Brunnquell, D., Phipps-Yonas, S., and Crichton, L. (1979). A prospective study of the antecedents of child abuse (Final report, Grant No. 90-C-424, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egeland, B., Breitenbucher, M., and Rosenberg, D. (1980). Prospective study of the significance of life stress in the etiology of child abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 194–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ekdahl, B. (1980). The Swedish law on physical punishment. In The ombudsman and child maltreatment (pp. 6–11 ). Stockholm, Sweden: Radda Barren.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elmer, E. (1977). Fragile families, troubled children: The aftermath of infant trauma. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, A. L. (1980). Personality characteristics and disciplinary attitudes of child-abusing mothers. Child Abuse and Neglect, 4, 179–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faller, K. C. (Ed.). (1981). Social work with abused and neglected children: A manual of interdisciplinary practice. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feshbach, N. (1980). Corporal punishment in the schools: Some paradoxes, some facts, some possible directions. In G. Gerbner, C. J. Ross, and E. Zigler (Eds.), Child abuse: An agenda for action (pp. 204–221 ). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feshbach, S. (1980). Child abuse and the dynamics of human aggression and violence. In G. Gerbner, C. J. Ross, and E. Zigler (Eds.), Child abuse: An agenda for action (pp. 48–60 ). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, S., and Morse, C. (1974). Child abuse: A five-year follow up of case finding in the emergency department. Pediatrics, 54, 404–410.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedrich, W. N., and Boriskin, J. A. (1976). The role of the child in abuse: A review of the literature. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 46, 580–590.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedrich, W. N., and Einbender, A. J. (1983). The abused child: A psychological review. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12, 244–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frodi, A. M. (1981). Contribution of infant characteristics to child abuse. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 85, 341–349.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frodi, A. M., and Lamb, M. E. (1980). Child abusers’ responses to infant smiles and cries. Child Development, 51, 238–241.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gabinet, L. (1983). Child abuse treatment failures reveal need for redefinition of problem. Child Abuse and Neglect, 7, 395–402.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gaensbauer, T. J., and Sands, S. K. (1979). Distorted affective communications in abused/neglected infants and their potential impact on caretakers. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 18, 236–250.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gaines, R., Sandgrund, A., Green, A. H., and Power, E. (1978). Etiological factors in child maltreatment: A multivariate study of abusing, neglecting, and normal mothers. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 53 1540.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garbarino, J. (1977a). The human ecology of child maltreatment: A conceptual model for research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 39, 721–735.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garbarino, J. (1977b). The price of privacy: An analysis of the social dynamics of child abuse. Child Welfare, 56, 565–575.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garbarino, J., and Crouter, A. (1978). A note on the problem of construct validity in assessing the usefulness of child maltreatment report data. American Journal of Public Health, 68,598–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garbarino, J., and Gilliam, G. (1980). Understanding abusive families. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garbarino, J., and Sherman, D. (1980). High-risk neighborhoods and high-risk families: The human ecology of child maltreatment. Child Development, 51, 188–198.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gelles, R. J. (1973). Child abuse as psychopathology: A sociological critique and reformulation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 43, 611–621.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gelles, R. J. (1978). Violence toward children in the United States. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 48, 580–592.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gelles, R. J. (1982). Problems in defining and labeling child abuse. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 1–30 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • George, C., and Main, M. (1979). Social interactions of young abused children: Approach, avoidance, and aggression. Child Development, 50, 306–318.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • George, C., and Main, M. (1980). Abused children: Their rejection of peers and caregivers. In T. M. Field, S. Goldberg, D. Stem, and A. M. Sostek (Eds.), High-risk infants and children: Adult and peer interactions (pp. 293–312 ). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gil, D. G. (1970). Violence against children. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giovannoni, J. M. (1982). Prevention of child abuse and neglect: Research and policy issues. Social Work Research and Abstracts, 18, 23–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giovannoni, J. M., and Becerra, R. M. (1979). Defining child abuse. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, E. B. (1983a). Final report: Collaborative research of community and minority group action to prevent child abuse and neglect: Vol. I. Perinatal interventions. Chicago, IL: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, E. B. (1983b). Final report: Collaborative research of community and minority group action to prevent child abuse and neglect: Vol. II. Culture-based parent education programs. Chicago, IL: National Cornmittee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, E. B. (1983c). Final report: Collaborative research of community and minority group action to prevent child abuse and neglect: Vol. III. Public awareness and education using the creative arts. Chicago, IL: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, E. B. (1983d). Final report: Collaborative research of community and minority group action to prevent child abuse and neglect: Vol. IV. Community-wide education, information and referral programs. Chicago, IL: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, E., and DiLeonardi, J. (1982). Evaluating child abuse prevention programs. Chicago, IL: National Committee for Prevention of Child Abuse.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, J. D., Cutler, C. A., Dean, J., and Kempe, C. H. (1977). Prediction and prevention of child abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1, 45–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, J., Cutler, C., Dean, J. and Kempe, C. H. (1979). Prediction and prevention of child abuse and neglect. Journal of Social Issues, 35, 127–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, A. H. (1978a). Child abuse. In B. B. Wolman, J. Egan, and A. O. Ross (Eds.), Handbook of treatment of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence (pp. 430–455 ). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, A. H. (1978b). Psychopathology of abused children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 17, 92–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green, A. H. (1978c). Self-destructive behavior in battered children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 579–583.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, A. H. (1978d). Psychiatric treatment of abused children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 17, 356–371.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green, A. H., Sandgrund, A., Gaines, R., and Haberfeld, H. ( 1974, May). Psychological sequelae of child abuse and neglect. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Detroit, MI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hampton, R. L., and Newberger, E. H. (1985). Child abuse incidence and reporting by hospitals: Significance of severity, class, and race. American Journal of Public Health, 75, 56–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Helfer, R. E. (1980). Developmental deficits which limit interpersonal skills. In C. H. Kempe and R. E. Helfer (Eds.), The battered child ( 3rd ed., pp. 36–48 ). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helfer, R. E. (1982). A review of the literature on the prevention of child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 6, 251–261.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Helfer, R. E., and Kempe, C. H. (Eds.). (1976). Child abuse and neglect: The family and the community. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrenkohl, E. C., and Herrenkohl, R. C. (1979). A comparison of abused children and their nonabused siblings. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 18, 260–269.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herrenkohl, E. C., Herrenkohl, R. C., and Toedter, L. J. (1983). Perspectives on the intergenerational transmission of abuse. In D. Finkelhor, R. J. Gelles, G. T. Hotaling, and M. A. Straus (Eds.), The dark side of families: Current family violence research (pp. 305–316 ). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrenkohl, E. C., Herrenkohl, R. C., Toedter, L., and Yanushefski, A. M. (1984). Parent-child interactions in abusive and nonabusive families. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23, 641–648.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herrenkohl, R. C., and Herrenkohl, E. C. (1981). Some antecedents and developmental consequences of child maltreatment. New Directions for Child Development, 11, 57–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herrenkohl, R. C., Herrenkohl, E. C., Egolf, B., and Seech, M. (1979). The repetition of child abuse: How frequently does it occur? Child Abuse and Neglect, 3, 67–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herrenkohl, R. C., Herrenkohl, E. C., and Egolf, B. P. (1983). Circumstances surrounding the occurrence of child maltreatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 424–431.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hobbs, N. (1975). The futures of children. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman-Plotkin, D., and Twentyman, C. T. (1984). A multimodal assessment of behavioral and cognitive deficits in abused and neglected preschoolers. Child Development, 55, 794–802.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holman, R. R., and Kanwar, S. (1975). Early life of the “battered child.” Archives of Diseases of Children, 50, 78–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, T. H., and Rahe, R. H. (1967). The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213–218.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter, R. S., and Kilstrom, N. (1979) Breaking the cycle in abusive families. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 1320–1322.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter, R. S., Kilstrom, N., and Kraybill, E. N. (1978). Antecedents of child abuse and neglect among premature infants: A prospective study in a newborn intensive care unit. Pediatrics, 61, 629–635.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hyman, I. A., and Wise, J. H. (Eds.). (1979). Corporal punishment in American education. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Isaacs, C. D. (1982). Treatment of child abuse: A review of the behavioral interventions. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 15, 273–294.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jayaratne, S. (1977, January). Child abusers as parents and children: A review. Social Work, pp. 5–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, B., and Morse, H. (1968). The battered child: A study of children with inflicted injuries. Denver, CO: Department of Welfare.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadushin, A., and Martin, J. (1981). Child abuse: An interactional event. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, A. J., and Kamerman, S. B. (1980). Child abuse: A comparative perspective. In G. Gerbner, C. J. Ross, and E. Zigler (Eds.), Child abuse: An agenda for action (pp. 118–134 ). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kempe, C. H. (1978). Child abuse: The pediatrician’s role in child advocacy and preventive pediatrics. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 132, 255–260.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kempe, C. H., and Helfer, R. E. (Eds.). (1972). Helping the battered child and his family. Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kempe, C. H., Silverman, F. N., Steele, B. F., Droegemueller, W., and Silver, H. K. (1962). The battered child syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association, 181, 17–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kent, J. T. (1976). A follow-up study of abused children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 1, 25–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessen, W. (1965). The child. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinard, E. M. (1980). Emotional development in physically abused children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 50, 686–696.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kinard, E. M. (1982a). Child abuse and depression: Cause or consequence? Child Welfare, 61, 403–413.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kinard, E. M. (1982b). Experiencing child abuse: Effects on emotional adjustment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 52, 82–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Korbin, J. E. (1980a). The cross-cultural context of child abuse and neglect. In C. H. Kempe and R. E. Helfer (Eds.), The battered child (3rd. ed., pp. 21–35 ). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korbin, J. E. (1980b). The cultural context of child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 4, 3–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korbin, J. E. (1981). Conclusions. In J. E. Korbin (Ed.), Child abuse and neglect: Cross cultural perspectives (pp. 205–210 ). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kotelchuk, M. (1982). Child abuse and neglect: Prediction and misclassification. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 67–104 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kravitz, R. A., and Driscoll, J. M. (1983). Expectations for childhood development among child-abusing and nonabusing parents. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 53, 336–344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lahey, B. B., Conger, R. D., Atkeson, B. M., and Treiber, F. A. (1984). Parenting behavior and emotional status of physically abusive mothers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 1062–1071.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lamphear, V. S. (1985). The impact of maltreatment on children’s psychosocial adjustment: A review of the research. Child Abuse and Neglect, 9, 251–263.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lanyon, R. L. (1970). Development and validation of a psychological screening inventory. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 35, 1–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larrance, D. T., and Twentyman, C. T. (1983). Maternal attributions and child abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92, 449–457.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leventhal, J. M. (1981). Risk factors for child abuse: Methodologic standards in case-control studies. Pediatrics, 68, 684–690.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leventhal, J. M. (1982). Research strategies and methodologic standards in studies of risk factors for child abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 6, 113–123.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Light, R. J. (1973). Abused and neglected children in America: A study of alternative policies. Harvard Educational Review, 43, 556–598.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lightcap, J. L., Kurland, J. A., and Burgess, R. L. (1982). Child abuse: A test of some predictions from evolutionary theory. Ethology and Sociobiology, 3, 61–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lutzker, J. R. (1980). Deviant family systems. In B. Lahey and A. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology (Vol. 3 ). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lutzker, J. R. (1984). Project 12-Ways: Treating child abuse and neglect from an ecobehavioral perspective. In R. F. Dangel and R. A. Polster (Eds.), Parent training: Foundations of research and practice (pp. 260297 ). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lutzker, J. R., and Rice, J. M. (1984). Project 12-Ways: Measuring outcome of a large in-home service for treatment and prevention of child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 8, 519–524.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lutzker, J. R., Frame, R. E., and Rice, J. M. (1982). Project 12-Ways: An ecobehavioral approach to the treatment and prevention of child abuse and neglect. Education and Treatment of Children, 5, 141–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lutzker, J. R., Wesch, D., and Rice, J. M. (1984). A review of Project 12-Ways: An ecobehavioral approach to the treatment and prevention of child abuse and neglect. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy, 6, 63–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, M. A. (1975). Ill-health and child abuse. Lancet, 2, 317–319.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, M. A., and Roberts, J. (1977). Predicting child abuse: Signs of bonding failure in the maternity hispital. British Medical Journal, 1, 624–626.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch, M. A., and Roberts, J. (1982). Consequences of child abuse. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Main, M., and George, C. (1985). Responses of abused and disadvantaged toddlers to distress in agemates: A study in the day care setting. Developmental Psychology, 21, 407–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H. P. (Ed.). (1976). The abused child: A multidisciplinary approach to developmental issues and treatment. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H. P. (1982). The clinical relevance of prediction and prevention. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 175–190 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H. P., and Beezley, P. (1974). Prevention and the consequences of child abuse. Journal of Operational Psychology, 6, 68–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H. P., and Beezley, P. (1976). Personality of abused children. In H. P. Martin (Ed.), The abused child: A multidisciplinary approach to developmental issues and treatment (pp. 105–111 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H. P., Beezley, P., Conway, E. F., and Kempe, C. H. (1974). The development of abused children. Advances in Pediatrics, 21, 25–73.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mash, E. J., Johnston, C., and Kovitz, K. (1983). A comparison of the mother-child interactions of physically abused and non-abused children during play and task situations. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12, 337–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, R. (1983, March 28). Victim’s vision. US, pp. 68–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, D., and Challas, G. ( 1981, July). Abused children as adult parents: A twenty-five year longitudinal study. Paper presented at the National Conference for Family Violence Researchers, Durham, NH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milner, J. S., and Wimberley, R. C. (1979). An inventory for the identification of child abusers. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 35, 95–100.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milner, J. S., and Wimberly, R. C. (1980). Prediction and explanation of child abuse. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36, 875–884.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R. E., Billings, A. G., and Moos, R. H. (1982). Social support and well-being: Implications for prevention programs. Journal of Primary Prevention, 3(2), 77–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, S. R. (1979). Psychoeducational profile of emotionally disturbed abused children. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 8, 3–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J. L., Johnson, C. F., and Clasen, M. (1985). To report or not report: Physicians’ attitudes toward discipline and child abuse. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 139, 194–197.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, M. G., and Gould, R. W. (1963). Role reversal: A concept in dealing with the “battered child syndrome.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 33, 298–299.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morse, C. W., Sahler, O., and Friedman, S. (1970). A three-year follow-up study of abused and neglected children. American Journal of Diseases of Children, 120, 439–446.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, M. A. (1982). The family with a handicapped child: A review of the literature. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 3, 73–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, S., and Orkow, B. (1985). Prenatal prediction of child abuse and neglect: A prospective study. Child Abuse and Neglect, 9, 225–235.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagi, S. Z. (1977). Child maltreatment in the United States: A challenge to social institutions. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakou, S., Adam, H., Stathacopoulou, M. A., and Agathonos, H. (1982). Health status of abused and neglected children and their siblings. Child Abuse and Neglect, 6, 279–284.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. (1975). Child abuse and neglect: The problem and its management (Vols. 1–3) (DHEW Publication No. (OHD) 75–30073, 75–30074, 75–30075 ). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. (1979). Child abuse and developmental disabilities: Essays (DHEW Publication No. OHDS 79–30226 ). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, B. J. (1984). Making an issue of child abuse: Political agenda setting for social problems. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesbit, W. C., and Karagianis, L. D. (1982). Child abuse: Exceptionality as a risk factor. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 28, 69–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newberger, E. H. (1984). The helping hand strikes again: Unintended consequences of child abuse reporting. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12, 307–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newberger, E. H., and Boume, R. (1978). The medicalization and legalization of child abuse. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 48, 593–607.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oates, M. R. (1979). A classification of child abuse and its relation to treatment and prognosis. Child Abuse and Neglect, 3, 907–915.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oates, R. K., Davis, A. A., Ryan, M. G., and Stewart, L. F. (1979). Risk factors associated with child abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 3, 547–554.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor, S., Vietze, P. M., Sherrod, K. B., Sandler, H. M., and Altemeier, W. A., III. (1980). Reduced incidence of parenting inadequacy following rooming-in. Pediatrics, 66, 176–182.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Toole, R., Turbett, P., and Nalepka, C. (1983). Theories, professional knowledge, and diagnosis of child abuse. In D. Finkelhor, R. J. Gelles, G. T. Hotaling, and M. A. Straus (Eds.), The dark side of families: Current family violence research (pp. 349–362). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pagelow, M. D. (1984). Family violence. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pallone, S. R., and Malkemes, L. C. (1984). Helping parents who abuse their children: A comprehensive approach to intervention. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parke, R. D. (1982). Theoretical models of child abuse: Their implications for prediction, prevention, and modification. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 31–66 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parke, R. D., and Collmer, C. W. (1975). Child abuse: An interdisciplinary analysis. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Review of child development research (Vol. 5, pp. 509–590 ). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Passman, R. H., and Mulhern, R. K. (1977). Maternal punitiveness as affected by situational stress: An experimental analogue of child abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 565–569.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelton, L. H. (1977). Child abuse and neglect and protective intervention in Mercer County, New Jersey: A parent interview and case record study. Unpublished manuscript, Bureau of Research, New Jersey Division of Youth and Family Services, Trenton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelton, L. H. (1978). Child abuse and neglect: The myth of classlessness. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 48, 608–617.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, M. A., Doran, L. D., and Wells, E. A. (1983). Developmental and behavioral characteristics of the physically abused child. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12, 320–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry, M. A., Wells, E. A., and Doran, L. D. (1983). Parent characteristics in abusing and non-abusing families. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 12, 329–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfohl, S. (1977). The discovery of child abuse. Social Problems, 24, 310–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plotkin, R. C., Azar, S., Twentyman, C. T., and Perri, M. G. (1981). A critical evaluation of the research methodology employed in the investigation of causative factors of child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 5, 449–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Radbill, S. X. (1980). Children in a world of violence: A history of child abuse. In C. H. Kempe and R. E. Helfer (Eds.), The battered child ( 3rd ed., pp. 3–20 ). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, J. B., Taplin, P. S., and Lorber, R. (1981). A social interactional approach to the treatment of abusive families. In R. B. Stuart (Ed.), Violent behavior: Social learning approaches to prediction, management, and treatment (pp. 83–101 ). New York: Brunner/Mazel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reidy, T. J. (1977). The aggressive characteristics of abused and neglected children. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 1140–1145.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, M. S., and Reppucci, N. D. (1983). Abusive mothers: Perception of their own and their children’s behavior. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 674–682.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, M. S., and Reppucci, N. D. (1985). Primary prevention of child abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 576–585.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenblatt, G. C. (1980). Parental expectations and attitudes about childrearing in high risk vs. low risk child abusing families. Saratoga, CA: Century Twenty One.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, A. B., and Trainor, C. M. (1984). Trends in child abuse and neglect: A national perspective. Denver, CO: American Humane Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sack, W. H., Mason, R., and Higgins, J. E. (1985). The single-parent family and abusive child punishment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 252–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schilling, R. F., Schinke, S. P., Blythe, B. J., and Barth, R. P. (1982). Child maltreatment and mentally retarded parents: Is there a relationship? Mental Retardation, 20, 201–209.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schlossman, S. L. (1977). Love and the American delinquent: The theory and practice of “progressive” juvenile justice. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, B. D. (Ed.). (1978). The child protection team handbook: A multidisciplinary approach to managing child abuse and neglect. New York: Garland STPM Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, C. J. (1982). The Michigan Screening Profile of Parenting. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 157–174 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, D. (1977). Identification of factors associated with the discontinuation of parental abuse and neglect. Unpublished manuscript, Child Welfare League of America, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherrod, K. B., O’Connor, S., Vietze, P., and Altemeier, W. (1984). Child health and maltreatment. Child Development, 55, 1174–1183.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shorkey, C. T., and Armendariz, J. (1985). Personal worth, self-esteem, anomia, hostility and irrational thinking of abusing mothers: A multivariate approach. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 41, 414–421.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shumaker, S. A., and Brownell, A. (1984). Toward a theory of social support: Closing conceptual gaps. Journal of Social Issues, 40 (4), 11–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shyne, A. W., and Schroeder, A. G. (1978). National study of social services to children and their families: Overview. Unpublished manuscript, Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, A. E., and Castle, R. L. (1969). 78 battered children: A retrospective study. London: National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S. M., and Hanson, R. (1975). Interpersonal relationships and child-rearing practices in 214 parents of battered children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 127, 513–525.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solheim, J. S. (1982). A cross-cultural examination of use of corporal punishment on children: A focus on Sweden and the United States. Child Abuse and Neglect, 6, 147–154.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solnit, A. J. Too much reporting, too little service: Roots and prevention of child abuse. In G. Gerbner, C. J. Ross, and E. Zigler (Eds.), Child abuse: An agenda for action (pp. 135–146). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spinetta, J. J. (1978). Parental personality factors in child abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 1409–1414.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spinetta, J., and Rigler, D. (1972). The child abusing parent: A psychological review. Psychological Bulletin, 77, 296–304.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, R. H., Jr. (1974). Child abuse: A controlled study of social, familial, individual, and interactional factors (Grant no. 90-C-426). Washington, DC: National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect, DHHS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, R. H., Jr. (1978). The controlled study of the ecology of child abuse and drug abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect, 2, 19–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, R. H., Jr. (1982). A research-based approach to the prediction of child abuse. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 105–134 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, R. H., Jr., Ceresnie, S. J., Dietrich, K. N., Fischhoff, J., Schumann, B., and Demorest, M. ( 1982, August). Child abuse: A case-sibling assessment of child factors. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, R. H., Jr., Dietrich, K. N., Fischhoff, J., Ceresnie, S., and Zweier, D. (1984). The contribution of handicapping conditions to child abuse. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 4, 55–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, T. J. (1984). The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act. Social Services Review, 58, 302–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, L. B., Catalano, R., and Dooley, D. (1981). Economic antecedents of child abuse and neglect. Child Development, 52, 975–985.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Straus, M. A. (1980). Stress and child abuse. In C. H. Kempe and R. E. Helfer (Eds.), The battered child ( 3rd ed., pp. 86–103 ). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straus, M. A., Gelles, R. J., and Steinmetz, S. K. (1980). Behind closed doors: Violence in the American family. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sudia, C. E. (1981). What services do abusive and neglecting families need? In L. H. Pelton (Ed.), The social context of child abuse and neglect (pp. 268–290 ). New York: Human Sciences Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Susman, E. J., Trickett, P. K., Iannotti, R. J., Hollenbeck, B. E., and Zahn-Waxier, C. (1985). Child-rearing patterns in depressed, abusive, and normal mothers. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 237–251.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swedish Information Service. (undated). The “anti-spanking” law: Text of the law and background. New York: Swedish Consulate General.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toro, P. A. (1982). Developmental effects of child abuse: A review. Child Abuse and Neglect, 6, 423–431.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Valentine, D. P., Acuff, D. S., Freeman, M. L., and Andreas, T. (1984). Defining child maltreatment: A multidisciplinary overview. Child Welfare, 63, 497–509.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vaughn, B., Taraldson, B., Crichton, L., and Egeland, B. (1981). The assessment of infant temperament: A critique of the Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire. Infant Behavior and Development, 4, 1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vietze, P., Falsey, S., Sandler, H., O’Connor, S., and Altemeier, W. A. (1980). Transactional approach to prediction of child maltreatment. Infant Mental Health Journal, 1, 248–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vietze, P., O’Connor, S., and Altemeier, W. ( 1983, April). Continuity in mother-infant interaction in families with maltreated infants. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Detroit, MI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vietze, P. M., O’Connor, S., Hopkins, J. B., Sandler, H. M., and Altemeier, W. A. (1982). Prospective study of child maltreatment from a transactional perspective. In R. H. Starr, Jr. (Ed.), Child abuse prediction: Policy implications (pp. 135–156 ). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wald, M. S. (1976). State intervention on behalf of “neglected” children: Standards for removal of children from their homes, monitoring the status of children in foster care, and termination of parental rights. Stanford Law Review, 28, 623–706.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C. (1985). Comparison of abusive and nonabusive families with conduct-disordered children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 59–69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weston, J. T. (1980). The pathology of child abuse and neglect. In C. H. Kempe and R. E. Helfer (Eds.), The battered child ( 3rd ed., pp. 241–271 ). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, G. R. (1983). Child protection: A journey into history. Journal of Child Clinical Psychology, 12, 236–243.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. A. (1985). Child-abusive parents: An empirical review and analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 462–482.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. A., and Mosk, M. D. (1983). Behavioral comparisons of children from abused and distressed families, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 702–708.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. A., Kaufman, K., Aragona, J., and Sandler, J. (1981). The child management program for abusive parents: Procedures for developing a child abuse intervention program. Winter Park, FL: Anna Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. A., Sandler, J., and Kaufman, K. (1981). A competency-based parent training program for child abusers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 633–640.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. A., Fairbank, J., Kelly, J. A., and Bradlyn, A. S. (1983). Child abusive parents’ physiological responses to stressful and non-stressful behavior in children. Behavioral assessment, 5, 363–371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolley, P. V., and Evans, W. A. (1955). Significance of skeletal lesions in infants resembling those of traumatic origin. Journal of the American Medical Association, 158, 539–543.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, L. (1976). The “Sick but Slick” syndrome as a personality component of parents of battered children. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 32, 41–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Psychology Department, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Catonsville, MD, 21228, USA

    Raymond H. Starr Jr.

Authors
  1. Raymond H. Starr Jr.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California, USA

    Vincent B. Van Hasselt

  2. Medical College of Pennsylvania at the EPPI, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Randall L. Morrison  & Alan S. Bellack  & 

  3. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Michel Hersen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Starr, R.H. (1988). Physical Abuse of Children. In: Van Hasselt, V.B., Morrison, R.L., Bellack, A.S., Hersen, M. (eds) Handbook of Family Violence. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5360-8_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5360-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3206-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-5360-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation