Skip to main content

Regulation of mRNA in Peptidergic Systems: Quantitative and In Situ Studies

  • Chapter
Book cover Molecular Biology of Brain and Endocrine Peptidergic Systems

Abstract

Understanding the physiology of the brain is the ultimate goal of the neurosciences. A wide variety of tools are used In the attempt to delve into the biology of the CNS, included among them are such disparate tools as those used in anatomy, physiology, protein chemistry, and molecular genetics. On the face of it several of these methods give such different types of information that they would appear to be almost unrelated. Yet in the last few years it has become abundantly clear that the integration of these methods, at differing levels of discourse, has aided powerfully in our Increasing understanding of brain biochemistry, anatomy, and to some degree its functioning.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Antoni, F.A., Palkovits, M., Makara, G.B., Linton, E.A., Powry, P.J., Kiss, J.Z., 1983, Immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRF) in the hypothalamo-infundibular tract, Neuroendocrin., 36:415.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bloom, F.E., Battenberg, E.L.F., Rivier, J., and Vale, W., 1982, Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) immunoreactive neurons and fibers in rat hypothalamus, Reg. Peptides, 4:43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruhn, T.O., Plotsky, P.M., and Vale, W.W., 1984, Effect of paraventricular lesions on corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in the stalk-median eminence: Studies on the adrenocorticotropin response to ether stress and CRF, Endocrinol., 114:57.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bugnon, C., Fellman, D., and Gouget, A., 1983, Changes in corticoliberin and vasopressin-like immunoreactivities in the zona externa of the median eminence in adrenalectomized rats. Immunocytochemical study, Neurosci. Lett., 37:43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burbach, J.P.H., De Hoop, M.J., Schmale, H., Richter, D., De Kloet, E.R., Ten Haaf, J.A., and De Wied, D., 1984, Differential responses to osmotic stress of vasopressin-neurophysin mRNA in hypothalamic nuclei, Neuroendocrin., 39:582.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cummings, S., Elde, R., Ells, J., and Lindall, A., 1983, Corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity is widely distributed within the central nervous system of the rat: An immunohistochemical study, J. Neurosci., 3:1355.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fischette, C.T., Komisaruk, B.R., Edinger, H.M., H.H., Siegel, A., 1980, Differential fornix ablations and the circadian rhythmicity of adrenal corticosteroid secretion, Brain Res., 195, 373.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuxe, K., Wikström, A.-C., Okret, S., Agnati, L.F., Härfstrand, A., Lu, Z.-Y., Granholm, L., Zoli, M., Vale, W., Gustafsson, J.-A, 1985, Mapping of glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactive neurons in the rat tel- and diencephalon using a monoclonal antibody against rat liver glucocorticoid receptor, Endocrinology., 117:1803.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillies, G.E., Linton, E.A., and Lowry, P.E., 1982, Corticotropin releasing activity of the new CRF is potentiated several times by vasopressin, Nature 299: 355–357.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hökfelt, T., Fahrenkrug, J., Tatemoto, K., Mutt, V., Werner, S., Hultings, A.-L., Tereniuis, L., and Chang, K.J., 1983, The PHI (PHI-27)/corticotropin-releasing factor/enkephalin immunoreactive hypothalamic neuron: Possible morphological basis for integrated control of prolactin, corticotropin, and growth hormone secretion, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 80:895.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jingami, H., Matsukura, S., Numa, S., Imura, H., 1985, Effects of adrenalectomy,and dexamethasone administration on the level of prepro-corticotropin-releasing factor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in the hypothalamus and adrenocorticotropin/beta-lipotropin precursor mRNA in the pituitary in rats, Endocrinology, 117:851.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kiss, J.Z., Mezey, E., and Skirboll, L., 1984, Corticotropin-releasing factor-immunoreactive neurons of the paraventricular nucleus become vasopressin positive after adrenalectomy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81:1854.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Magariños, A.M., Somoza, G., DeNicola, A.F., 1987, Glucocorticoid negative feedback and glucocorticoid receptors after hippocampectomy in rats, Horm. Metabol. Res., 19:105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Majzoub, J.A., Rich, A., van Boom, J., and Habener, J.F., 1983, Vasopressin and oxytocin mRNA regulation in the rat assessed by hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides, J. Biol. Chem., 258:4061.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makara, G.B., Stark, E., Kateszi, M., Palkovits, M., Rappay, G. 1981, Effects of paraventricular lesions on stimulated ACTH release and CRF in stalk-median eminence of rat. Am. J. Physiol., 240:E441.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McEwen, B.S., Weiss, J.M., Schwartz, L.S., 1968, Selective retention of corticosterone by limbic structures in rat brain, Nature, 220:911.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merchenthaler, I., Hynes, M.A., Vigh, S., Schally, A.V., and Petrusz, P., 1983, Immunocytochemical localization of corticotropin releasing factor in the rat spinal cord, Brain Res., 275:373.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merchenthaler, I., Vigh, S., Petrusz, P., and Schally, A.V., 1983, The paraventriculo-infundibular corticotropin releasing factor CRF pathway as revealed by immunocytochemistry in long-term hypophysectomized or adrenalectomized rats, Reg. Peptides, 5:295.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mezey, E., Reisine, T.D., Skirboll, L., Beinfeld, M., and Kiss, J.Z., 1985, Cholecystokinin in the medial parvocellular subdivision of the paraventricular nucleus, Ann. NY Acad. Sci, 448:152.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pauli, W.K., and Gibbs, F.P., 1983, The corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) neurosecretory system in intact, adrenalectomized, and adrenalectomized-dexamethasone treated rats, Histochemistry, 78:303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reul, J.M.H.M., and de Kloet, E.R., 1985, Two receptor systems for corticosterone in rat brain: Microdistribution and differential occupation. Endocrin., 117:2505.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roth, K.A., Weber, E., Barchas, J.D., Chang, D., and Chang, J-K., 1982, Immunoreactive dynorphin(l-8) and corticotropin releasing factor: Colocalization in a subpopulation of hypothalamic opioid peptide neurons, Science, 219:189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sapolsky, R.M., Krey, L.C., and McEwen, B.S., 1984, Glucocorticoid-sensitive hippocampal neurons are involved in terminating the adrenocortical stress response, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 81:6174.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sapolsky, R.M., Krey, L.C., and McEwen, B.S., 1984, Stress down-regulates corticosterone receptors in a site-specific manner in the brain, Endocrinology, 114:287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sapolsky, R.M., McEwen, B.S., and Rainbow, T.C., 1983, Quantitative autoradiography of 3H corticosterone in rats brain. Brain Res., 271:331.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sawchenko, P.E., 1987, Adrenalectomy-induced enhancement of CRF and vasopressin immunoreactivity in parvocellular neurosecretory neurons: Anatomic, peptide and steroid specificity, J. Neurosci., 7:1093.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sawchenko, P.E., Swanson, L.W., and Vale, W.W., 1984, Co-expression of corticotropin-releasing factor and vasopressin immunoreactivity in parvocellular neurosecretory neurons of the adrenalectomized rat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81:883.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schafer, M.K.-H., Herman, J.P., Young, E., Thompson, R., Douglass, J., Sherman, T.G., Akil, H., Watson, S.J., in press, Gene expression of neuropeptides related to CRF after adrenalectomy, Soc. Neurosci. Abs. 13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, T.G., and Watson, S.J., 1986, In situ hybridization versus Northern analysis: working towards the correlation of two quantitative techniques for opioid and vasopressin mRNAs in the rat hypothalamus and pituitary, in: “Progress in Opioid Research,” J.W. Holaday, P-Y. Law and A. Herz, eds., NIDA Research Monograph 75, p. 287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, T.G., and Watson, S.J., submitted, Differential expression of vasopressin alleles in the Brattleboro heterozygote, J. Neurosci.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, T.G., Civelli, O., Douglass, J., Herbert, E., and Watson, S.J., 1986a, Coordinate expression of hypothalamic pro-dynorphin and pro-vasopressin mRNAs with osmotic stimulation. Neuroendocrinology, 44:222.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, T.G., Day, R., Civelli, O., Douglass, J., Herbert, E., Akil, H., and Watson, S.J., submitted, The regulation of hypothalamic magnocellular neuropeptides and mRNAs in the Brattleboro rat, J. Neurosci.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, T.G., Kelsey, J.E., Khachaturian, H., Burke, S., Akil, H., and Watson, S.J., 1986b, Opioid peptides and vasopressin: the application of in situ hybridization to studies of the hypothalamus and pituitary, in: “In situ Hybridization in Brain,” G.R. Uhl, ed., p. 49, Plenum Press, New York.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, T.G., McKelvy, J.F., and Watson S.J., 1986c, Vasopressin mRNA regulation in individual hypothalamic nuclei: A Northern and in situ hybridization analysis, J. Neurosci., 6:1685.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, L.W., and Sawchenko, P.E., 1983, Hypothalamic integration: organization of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei, Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 6:269.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, L.W., Sawchenko, P.E., Rivier, J.E., and Vale, W., 1983, The organization of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactive cells and fibers in the rat brain: An immunohistochemical study, Neuroendocrinology, 36:165.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tornello, S., Orti, E., DeNicola, A.F., Rainbow, T.C., and McEwen, B.S., 1982, Regulation of glucocorticoid receptors in rat brain by corticosterone treatment of adrenalectomized rats. Neuroendocrinology, 35:411.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tramu, G., Croix, C., and Pillez, A., 1983, Ability of CRF immunoreactive neurons of the paraventricular nucleus to produce a vasopressin-like material, Neuroendocrinology, 37:467.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uhl, G.R., 1986, “In Situ Hybridization in Brain,” Plenum Press, New York, pp. 257–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vale, W., Spiess, J., Rivier, C., and Rivier, J., 1981, Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates the secretion of corticotropin and beta-endorphin, Science, 213:1394.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanderhaegen, J.J., Lotstra, F., Vandesande, F., and Dierickx, K., 1981, Coexistence of cholecystokinin and oxytocin-neurophysin in some magnocellular hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurons, Cell Tissue Res., 221:227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watson, S.J., Sherman, T.G., Kelsey, J.E., Burke, S., and Akil, H., 1987, Anatomical localization of mRNA: In situ hybridization of neuropeptide systems, in: “In situ Hybridization: Applications to Neurobiology,” K. Valentine, J. Eberwine and J Barchas, eds., p. 126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiegand, S.J., and Price, J.L., 1980, The cells of origin of the afferent fibers to the median eminence in the rat, J. Comp. Neurol., 192:1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, M.M., Greer, S.E., Greer, M.A., and Roberts, L., 1980, Hippocampal inhibition of pituitary-adrenocortical function in female rats, Brain Res., 197:443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfson, B., Manning, R.W., Davis, L.G., Arentzen, R., 1985, Co-localization of corticotropin releasing factor and vasopressin mRNA In neurons after adrenalectomy, Nature, 315:59.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yates, F.E., and Maran, J.W., 1974, Stimulation and inhibition of adrenocorticotropin release, in, “Handbook of Physiology, Vol. 4, E. Knobil and W.H. Sawyer, eds., American Physiological Society, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young III, S.W., Mezey, E., Siegel, R.E., 1986, Quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry reveals increased levels of corticotropin-releasing factor mRNA after adrenalectomy in rats. Neurosci. Lett., 70:198.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young III, S.W., Mezey, E., Siegel, R.E., 1986, Vasopressin and oxytocin mRNAs in adrenalectomized and Brattleboro rats: Analysis by quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry, Mol. Brain Res., 1:231.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Watson, S.J., Sherman, T.G., Schafer, M.K., Patel, P., Herman, J.P., Akil, H. (1988). Regulation of mRNA in Peptidergic Systems: Quantitative and In Situ Studies. In: Chrétien, M., McKerns, K.W. (eds) Molecular Biology of Brain and Endocrine Peptidergic Systems. Biochemical Endocrinology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8801-2_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8801-2_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-8803-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-8801-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics