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Comprehensive Virology pp 285–345Cite as

Orbiviruses

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Part of the book series: Comprehensive Virology ((CV,volume 14))

Abstract

The genus Orbivirus has been formed only recently, although the type species, bluetongue virus of sheep (BTV), as well as African horsesickness virus (AHSV) have been known since the turn of the century. Both of these viruses are important animal pathogens that were originally limited to Africa but have later spread to the Middle East and other continents. Because they were known to be transmitted by insects, both BTV and AHSV were historically classified as arboviruses (Casals, 1959). It later became clear that they, and some other isolates from insects, did not show the extreme sensitivity to lipid solvents characteristic of the enveloped, lipid—containing arboviruses now classified as togaviruses. This group was therefore often referred to as ungrouped or unclassified arboviruses.

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  1. Veterinary Research Institute Onderstepoort, 0110, Republic of South Africa

    D. W. Verwoerd, H. Huismans & B. J. Erasmus

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  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Virus Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA

    Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat

  2. Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

    Robert R. Wagner

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Verwoerd, D.W., Huismans, H., Erasmus, B.J. (1979). Orbiviruses. In: Fraenkel-Conrat, H., Wagner, R.R. (eds) Comprehensive Virology. Comprehensive Virology, vol 14. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3563-4_5

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