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The Metabolic Syndrome

  • Chapter
Chest Pain with Normal Coronary Angiograms: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 213))

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Abstract

The association between coronary heart disease (CHD), non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), hypertension and obesity has long been recognized by both clinicians and epidemiologists. In 1988, Reaven coined the term “Syndrome X” to denote the association of these disorders with metabolic disturbances such as low plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance [1]. However, the term “syndrome X”, had been previously coined by Kemp in 1973 to denote the cardiological syndrome of angina and normal coronary arteries [2]. Regarding Reaven’s syndrome X, further objection to the inclusion of insulin resistance in its description is that insulin resistance has not confidently been shown to be the key metabolic disturbance, despite the plausibility of the proposed mechanism in this respect. For now, the syndrome is best referred to as the “metabolic syndrome”.

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  1. Francisco Leyva
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  2. John C. Stevenson
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  1. St George’s Hospital Medical School, London, UK

    Juan Carlos Kaski MD, MRCP, FACC, FESC (BHF Sugden Reader in Clinical Cardiology and Consultant Cardiologist, Head of Coronary Artery Disease Research Group) (BHF Sugden Reader in Clinical Cardiology and Consultant Cardiologist, Head of Coronary Artery Disease Research Group)

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Leyva, F., Stevenson, J.C. (1999). The Metabolic Syndrome. In: Kaski, J.C. (eds) Chest Pain with Normal Coronary Angiograms: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 213. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5181-2_22

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