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HIV Infection of Peripheral Blood Dendritic Cells

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Skin Langerhans (Dendritic) Cells in Virus Infections and AIDS

Part of the book series: Developments in Medical Virology ((DIMV,volume 7))

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DC) are important antigen-presenting cells, particularly in the initiation of immune responses in resting T cells and our studies are providing increasing evidence for their involvement in the immunosuppression seen in AIDS. Peripheral blood DC expressed low levels of the CD4 HIV receptor which was up-regulated by exposure in vitro to gamma interferon. Infection of DC with HIV, following in vitro exposure to virus, was demonstrated by electron microscopy (EM) and by a combined in situ hybridization and immunolabelling technique which facilitated identification of infected DC at the light microscope level. Results of in situ hybridization to detect viral RNA and DNA suggest that DC may become latently infected or express very low levels of virus. Thus they could serve as reservoir of potential infection which may escape immune surveillance. DC taken from HIV-infected individuals also contained HIV genome, as identified by the combined in situ hybridization and immunolabelling method. In addition, a fall in the number of DC was observed in infected individuals which preceded the decrease in the number of lymphocytes. Functional studies, on both DC infected in vitro and on DC from infected individuals, revealed a deficiency in antigen presentation. Since depletion and dysfunction of DC precedes the appearance of T-cell defects, this may be a functional lesion in the development of disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, Clinical Research Centre, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex, HA1 3UJ, UK

    Steven Patterson, Steven Macatonia, Jacqueline Gross, Penelope Bedford & Stella Knight

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  1. Steven Patterson
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  2. Steven Macatonia
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  3. Jacqueline Gross
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  4. Penelope Bedford
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  5. Stella Knight
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

    Yechiel Becker

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© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Patterson, S., Macatonia, S., Gross, J., Bedford, P., Knight, S. (1991). HIV Infection of Peripheral Blood Dendritic Cells. In: Becker, Y. (eds) Skin Langerhans (Dendritic) Cells in Virus Infections and AIDS. Developments in Medical Virology, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3942-1_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3942-1_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6759-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3942-1

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