Abstract
There is much evidence that G-proteins transduce the signal from receptors for Ca2+-mobilizing agonists to the phospholipase C that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides. However, the specific G-proteins involved have not been identified. We have recently purified a 42 kDa protein from liver that activates phosphoinositide phospholipase C and cross-reacts with antisera to a peptide common to G-protein α-subunits. It is proposed that this protein is the α-subunit of the G-protein that regulates the phospholipase in this tissue.
Ca2+ -mobilizing agonists and certain growth factors also promote the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine through the activation of phospholipases C and D in many cell types. This yields a larger amount of diacylglycerol for a longer time than does the hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids. Consequently phosphatidylcholine breakdown is probably a major factor in long-term regulation of protein kinase C. The functions of phosphatidic acid produced by phospholipase D are speculative, but there is evidence that it is a major source of diacylglycerol in many cell types. The regulation of phosphatidylcholine phospholipases is mUltiple and involves direct activation by G-proteins, and regulation by Ca2+, protein kinase C and perhaps growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Exton, J.H., Taylor, S.J., Augert, G., Bocckino, S.B. (1991). Cell signalling through phospholipid breakdown. In: Morgan, H.E. (eds) Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Growth. Developments in Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3886-8_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3886-8_11
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