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Advances in the Understanding of the Molecular Pathogenesis of Aggressive B Cell Lymphomas

  • Chapter
Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis

Part of the book series: Pezcoller Foundation Symposia ((PFSO,volume 6))

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Abstract

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) include neoplasms originating from lymphoid cells and characterized by a high degree of biological and clinical heterogeneity (for review see Magrath, 1990). Most NHL derive from the B-cell lineage, in particular from mature B-cells characterized by rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy and light chain genes and by the expression of cell surface Ig and B-cell associated markers. The wide clinico-pathological heterogeneity of NHL correlates with distinct genetic lesions, particularly chromosomal translocations, associated with its pathogenesis (Table 1; Gaidano and Dalla-Favera, 1993). Among low-grade NHL, “mantle zone” lymphoma are associated in 50% of cases with the t(11;14) translocation involving the juxtaposition of the IgH locus to the BCL-1/PRAD-1/cyclin D1 gene coding for a protein involved in the control of cell cycle progression (Tsujimoto et al., 1984; Motokura et al., 1991; Raffeid et al., 1991). In follicular-type NHL(FL), the t(14;18) translocation juxtaposes the IgH locus to BCL-2 (Bakhshi et al., 1985; Tsujimoto et al., 1984; Cleary et al., 1985), a gene coding for a protein that prevents programmed cell death or apoptosis (Korsmeyer, 1992). After years of indolent course, a significant fraction of FL undergoes histologic transformation and clinical progression into Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma (DLCL), an event which is associated with loss or mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene (Lo Coco et al., 1993). “De novo” DLCL are associated with rearrangements and deregulation of the BCL-6 gene, which codes for a zinc-finger transcription factor (Ye et al., 1993a, 1993b; Kerckaert et al., 1993). In Burkitt Lymphoma (BL), the t(8;14), t(8;22), and t(2;8) chromosomal translocations lead to the deregulated expression of the c-Myc proto-oncogene by juxtaposition to one of the Ig loci (Dalla-Favera et al., 1982; Taub et al., 1982; Dalla-Favera et aI., 1983; Dalla-Favera, 1991). A sizable fraction (35%) ofBL are also associated with loss or mutations of the p53 gene (Gaidano et aI., 1991).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oncology, Department of Pathology and Department of Genetics and Development College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032, USA

    Katarina Cechova, Wei Gu, Bihui H. Ye, Francesco Lo Coco, Chih-Chao Chang, Jiandong Zhang, Anna Migliazza, Wilfredo Mellado, Huifeng Niu & Riccardo Dalla-Favera

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  1. Katarina Cechova
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  1. Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA

    Enrico Mihich

  2. The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia

    Donald Metcalf

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Cechova, K. et al. (1995). Advances in the Understanding of the Molecular Pathogenesis of Aggressive B Cell Lymphomas. In: Mihich, E., Metcalf, D. (eds) Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis. Pezcoller Foundation Symposia, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1927-0_12

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