Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics pp 55–64Cite as

Amperometric Techniques

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:

  • 219 Accesses

Synonyms

Amperometric detection; Controlled-potential instrumentation; Electrochemical detection; Oxidation/reduction

Definition

Amperometry is one of a family of electrochemical methods in which the potential applied to a sensing electrode is controlled instrumentally and the current occurring as a consequence of oxidation/reduction at the electrode surface is recorded as the analytical signal. In its simplest form, the applied potential is stepped to and then held at a constant value; and the resulting current is measured as a function of time. When amperometric detectionis used in conjunction with separation techniques such as capillary electrophoresis or liquid chromatography, the sensing (or “working”) electrode is placed at the end of the separation stream so as to permit detection of sample components as they emerge and pass over the electrode surface. The applied potential must be sufficient to cause facile oxidation or reduction of the target analytes; and, in general, the...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   1,699.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   549.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kissinger PT, Ridgway TH (1996) Small-amplitude controlled-potential techniques. In: Kissinger PT, Heineman WR (eds) Laboratory techniques in electroanalytical chemistry, 2nd edn. Dekker, New York

    Google Scholar 

  2. Wallingford RA, Ewing AG (1987) Capillary zone electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Anal Chem 59:1762–1766

    Google Scholar 

  3. Haber C (1996) Electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis. In: Landers JP (ed) Handbook of capillary electrophoresis, 2nd edn. CRC, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sloss S, Ewing AG (1993) Improved method for end-column amperometric detection for capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chem 65:577–581

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wang J (2000) Analytical electrochemistry, 2nd edn. Wiley-VCH, New York

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bard AJ, Faulkner LR (2001) Electrochemical methods: fundamentals and applications, chapter 13, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken, p 580

    Google Scholar 

  7. Osbourn DM, Lunte CE (2001) Cellulose acetate decoupler for on-column electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chem 73:5961–5964

    Google Scholar 

  8. Osbourn DM, Lunte CE (2003) On-column electrochemical detection for microchip capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chem 75:2710–2714

    Google Scholar 

  9. Klett O, Björefors F, Nyholm L (2001) Elimination of high-voltage field effects in end-column electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis by use of on-chip microband electrodes. Anal Chem 73:1909–1915

    Google Scholar 

  10. Harrison DJ, Manz A, Fan Z, Ludi H, Widmer HM (1992) Capillary electrophoresis and sample injection systems integrated on a planar glass chip. Anal Chem 64:1926–1932

    Google Scholar 

  11. Woolley AT, Lao K, Glazer AN, Mathies RA (1998) Capillary electrophoresis chips with integrated electrochemical detection. Anal Chem 70:684–688

    Google Scholar 

  12. Baldwin RP, Roussel TJ Jr, Crain MM, Bathlagunda V, Jackson DJ, Gullapalli J, Conklin JA, Pai R, Naber JN, Walsh KM, Keynton RS (2002) Fully-integrated on-chip electrochemical detection for capillary electrophoresis in a microfabricated device. Anal Chem 74:3690–3697

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ertl P, Emrich CA, Singhai P, Mathies RA (2004) Capillary electrophoresis chips with a sheath-flow supported electrochemical detection system. Anal Chem 76:3749–3755

    Google Scholar 

  14. Martin RS, Ratzlaff KL, Huynh BH, Lunte SM (2002) In-channel electrochemical detection for microchip capillary electrophoresis using an electrically isolated potentiostat. Anal Chem 74:1136–1143

    Google Scholar 

  15. Lacher NA, Lunte SM, Martin RS (2004) Development of a microfabricated palladium decoupler/electrochemical detector for microchip capillary electrophoresis using a hybrid glass/poly(dimethylsiloxane) device. Anal Chem 76:2482–2491

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lai CCJ, Chen CH, Ko FH (2004) In-channel dual-electrode amperometric detection in electrophoretic chips with a palladium film decoupler. J Chromatogr A 1023:143–150

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wu CC, Wu RG, Huang JG, Lin YC, Chang HC (2003) Three-electrode electrochemical detector and platinum film decoupler integrated with a capillary electrophoresis microchip for amperometric detection. Anal Chem 75:947–952

    Google Scholar 

  18. Keynton RS, Roussel TJ, Crain MM, Jackson DJ, Franco DB, Naber JF, Walsh KM, Baldwin RP (2004) Design and development of microfabricated capillary electrophoresis devices with electrochemical detection. Anal Chim Acta 507:95–105

    Google Scholar 

  19. Vandaveer WR IV, Pasas-Farmer SA, Fischer DJ, Frankenfeld CN, Lunte SM (2004) Recent developments in electrochemical detection for microchip capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 25:3528–3549

    Google Scholar 

  20. Marwan J, Addou T, Belanger D (2005) Functionalization of glassy carbon electrodes with metal-based species. Chem Mater 17:2395–2403

    Google Scholar 

  21. Sarapuu A, Helstein K, Schiffrin DJ, Tammeveski K (2005) Kinetics of oxygen reduction on quinone-modified HOPG and BDD electrodes in alkaline solution. Electrochem Solid State Lett 8:E30–E33

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kavanagh P, Leech D (2006) Redox polymer and probe DNA tethered to gold electrodes for enzyme-amplified amperometric detection of DNA hybridization. Anal Chem 78:2710–2716

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hebert NE, Snyder B, McCreery RL, Kuhr WG, Brazill SA (2003) Performance of pyrolyzed photoresist carbon films in a microchip capillary electrophoresis device with sinusoidal voltammetric detection. Anal Chem 75:4265–4271

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hebert NE, Kuhr WG, Brazill SA (2003) A microchip electrophoresis device with integrated electrochemical detection: a direct comparison of constant potential amperometry and sinusoidal voltammetry. Anal Chem 75:3301–3307

    Google Scholar 

  25. Wang J, Chen G, Pumera M (2003) Microchip separation and electrochemical detection of amino acids and peptides following precolumn derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxyaldehyde. Electroanalysis 15:862–865

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

    Thomas J. Roussel & Robert S. Keynton

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

    Douglas J. Jackson

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA

    Richard P. Baldwin

Authors
  1. Thomas J. Roussel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Douglas J. Jackson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Richard P. Baldwin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Robert S. Keynton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas J. Roussel .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    Dongqing Li

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this entry

Cite this entry

Roussel, T.J., Jackson, D.J., Baldwin, R.P., Keynton, R.S. (2015). Amperometric Techniques. In: Li, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5491-5_26

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation