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Nocturia pp 77–107Cite as

Epidemiology of Nocturia: Evaluation of Prevalence, Incidence, Impact and Risk Factors

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Abstract

Nocturia is one of the most common lower urinary tract symptoms. The prevalence of nocturia is higher among young women than young men, but because the prevalence increases more strongly with age in men, it becomes more common in men in old age. Two episodes of nocturia constitute meaningful nocturia, affecting quality of life and perceived health, while a single episode does not. Nocturia is not only associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures, but presumably also with increased mortality. However, it is possible that nocturia is an indicator of frailty – rather than a direct cause of death. Several risk factors for (prevalent) nocturia exist, such as prostatic hyperplasia, overactive bladder, obesity, sleep apnea, parity, post-partum and post-menopausal periods. Risk factors include diseases of the lower urinary tract, and also a range of systemic co-morbidities. Because the prevalence of nocturia strongly increases with age, the number of people affected by it will likely increase with shifting of the population structures towards older age groups globally.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Kari A. O. Tikkinen MD, PhD

  2. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Kari A. O. Tikkinen MD, PhD

  3. Emory University/Atlanta VA Medical Center, Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Theodore M. Johnson II MD, MPH

  4. Queen Charlotte’s and Chelsea Hospital, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Du Cane Road, London, UK

    Rufus Cartwright MRCOG, MD(Res)

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  1. Kari A. O. Tikkinen MD, PhD
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  2. Theodore M. Johnson II MD, MPH
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  3. Rufus Cartwright MRCOG, MD(Res)
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Correspondence to Kari A. O. Tikkinen MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, Clarkson Avenue 450, Brooklyn, 11203, New York, USA

    Jeffrey P. Weiss, MD, FACS

  2. , Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, E. 77th Street 445, New York, 10021, USA

    Jerry G. Blaivas, MD

  3. , Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debeylaan 25, Maastricht, 6229 HX, Netherlands

    Philip E. V. Van Kerrebroeck, MD, PhD, MMSc

  4. Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman West, 3400 Spruce Street 3, PHILADELPHIA, 19104, Pennsylvania, USA

    Alan J. Wein, MD, FACS, PhD(hon)

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Tikkinen, K.A.O., Johnson, T.M., Cartwright, R. (2012). Epidemiology of Nocturia: Evaluation of Prevalence, Incidence, Impact and Risk Factors. In: Weiss, MD, FACS, J., Blaivas, MD, J., Van Kerrebroeck, MD, PhD, MMSc, P., Wein, MD, FACS, PhD(hon), A. (eds) Nocturia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1156-7_5

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