Abstract
The older population in the U.S. is growing at an unprecedented rate. At present, there are 37 million people 65 years of age and over in the United States. Due to the aging of the baby boomers, this population will expand to more than 71 million by 2030 [1]. Approximately 2.5 million older adults have substance abuse problems. This number is expected to double to 5 million by 2020 [2]. Projections indicate that increases in the number of older adults with problem substance use will increase across race, ethnicity, and gender. As the population of older substance abusers continues to grow, so too will the number of older in-patients and surgical patients with substance abuse disorders.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
US Bureau of the Census. Statistical abstracts of the United States: 2006. Available at: http://www.census.gov/prod/2006pubs/07statab/pop.pdf. Accessed 29 Jun 2007.
Gfoerer J, Penne M, Pemberton M, et al. Substance abuse treatment need among older adults in 2020: the impact of the aging baby-boom cohort. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003;69(2):127–35.
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Social work education for the prevention and treatment of alcohol use disorders. Available at: http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/Social/Module10COlderAdults/Module10C.pdf. Accessed 27 May 2010.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2006 national survey on drug use and health: national findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-32, DHHS Publication No. SMA 07-4293). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2007.
Breslow RA, Faden VB, Smothers B. Alcohol consumption by elderly Americans. J Stud Alcohol. 2003;64(6):884–92.
Grant BF, Dawson DA, Stinson FS, Chou SP, Dufour MC, Pickering RP. The 12-month prevalence and trends in DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: United States, 1991–1992 and 2001–2002. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004;74(3):223–34.
Blazer D, Wo L-T. The epidemiology of substance use and disorders among middle aged and elderly community adults: national survey on drug use and health (NSDUH). Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;17(3):237–45.
Han B, Gfroerer JC, Colliver JD, Penne MA. Substance use disorders among older adults in the United States in 2010. Addiction. 2009;104:88–96.
Reid MC, Anderson PA. Geriatric substance use disorders. Med Clin North Am. 1997;81(4):999–1016.
Simoni-Wastila L, Zuckerman IH, Singhal PK, Briesacher B, Hsu VD. National estimates of exposure to prescription drugs with addiction potential in community dwelling elders. Subst Abus. 2005;26(1):33–42.
Culberston JW, Ziska M. Prescription drug misuse/abuse in the elderly. Geriatrics. 2008;63(9):22–31.
Dowling GJ, Weiss S, Condon TP. Drugs of abuse and the aging brain. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008;33(2):209–18.
Simoni-Wastila L, Stuart BC, Sahffer T. Over the counter use by Medicare beneficiaries in nursing homes: implications for policy and practice. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(10):1543–9.
Colliver JD, Compton WM, Gfroerer JC, et al. Projecting drug use among aging baby boomers in 2020. Ann Epidemiol. 2006;16(4):257–65.
Drug Topics. 2007;5:24–5.
Hanlon JT, Schmader KE, Boult C, Artz MB, Gross CR, Fillenbaum GG, et al. Use of inappropriate prescription drugs by older people Source. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50(1):26–34.
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The physician’s guide to helping patients with alcohol problems (NIAAA pub. No. 95-3769). Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Social Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health; 1995.
Wang PS, Bohn RL, Glynn RJ, Mogun H, Avorn J. Hazardous benzodiazepine regimens in the elderly: effects of half-life, dosage, and duration on risk of hip fracture. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158(6):892–8.
Fingerhood M. Substance abuse in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000;48(8):985–95.
Schlaerth KR. Addiction: older adults and illegal drugs. Geriatr Aging. 2007;10(6):361–4.
Benshoff JJ, Harrawood LK, Koch DS. Substance abuse and the elderly: unique issues and concerns. J Rehabil. 2003;69(2):43–8.
Fang A, Hu SS, Endres N, Bradford DS. Risk factors for infection after spinal surgery. Spine. 2005;30(12):1460–5.
Galanakis P, Bickel H, Gradinger R, Von Gumppenberg S, Forst H. Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2001;16(4):349–55.
Cook DJ, Rooke GA. Priorities in perioperative geriatrics. Anesth Analg. 2003;96(6):1823–36.
Bartles SJ, Blow FC, Brockman LM. Substance abuse and mental health among older Americans: the state of knowledge and future directions. Rockville, MD: Older American Substance Abuse and Mental Health Technical Assistance Center, SAMHSA; 2005.
Mukamal KJ, Kuller LH, Fitzpatrick A, Longstreth WT, Mittleman MA, Siscovick DS. Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of dementia in older adults. JAMA. 2003;289(11):1405–15.
Harwood H. Up-dating estimates of the economic costs of alcohol abuse in the United States: estimates, update methods, and data. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 2000.
Ondus KA, Hujer ME, Mann AE, Mion LC. Substance abuse and hospitalized elderly. Orthop Nurs. 1999;18(4):27–34.
Saleh SS, Szebenyi SE. Resource use of elderly emergency department patients with alcohol-related diagnoses. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005;29(4):313–9.
Levin SM, Kruger J, editors. Substance abuse among older adults: a guide for social service providers. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2000.
Weintraub E, Weintraub D, Dixon MD, et al. Geriatric patients on a substance abuse consultation service. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2002;10(3):337–42.
Alemagno SA, Niles SA, Treiber EA. Using computers to reduce medication misuse of community-based seniors: results of a pilot intervention program. Geriatr Nurs. 2004;25:281–5.
Mayfield D, McCleod G, Hall P. The CAGE questionnaire: validation of a new alcohol screening instrument. Am J Psychiatry. 1974;131:1121–3.
Moore A, Seeman T, Morgenstern H, Beck JC, Reuben DB. Are there differences between older persons who screen positive on the CAGE questionnaire and the short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test – Geriatric Version? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50:858–62.
Conigliaro J, Kramer K, MacNeil M. Screening and identification of older adults with alcohol problems in primary care. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2000;13(3):106–14.
Luttrell S, Watkin V, Livingston G, Walker Z, D’Ath P, Patel P, et al. Screening for alcohol misuse in older people. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1997;12(12):1151–4.
Bradley KA, Kivlahan DR, Bush KR, McDonell MB, Fihn SD. Variations on the CAGE alcohol screening questionnaire: strengths and limitations in VA general medical patients. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001;25(10):1472–8.
Joseph CL, Ganzini L, Atkinson RM. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43(4):368–73.
Hinkin CH, Castellon SA, Dickson-Fuhrman E, Daum G, Jaffe J, Jarvik L. Screening for drug and alcohol abuse among older adults using a modified version of the CAGE. Am J Addict. 2001;10(4):319–26.
Jones TV, Lindsey BA, Yount P, Soltys R, Farani-Enayat B. Alcoholism screening questionnaires: are they valid in elderly medical outpatients? J Gen Intern Med. 1993;8(12):674–8.
Morton JL, Thomas VJ, Manganaro MA. Performance of alcoholism screening questionnaires in elderly veterans. Am J Med. 1996;101(2):153–9.
Butler SF, Budman SH, Fernandez KC, Houle B, Benoit C, Katz N, et al. Development and validation of the current opiod misuse measure. Pain. 2007;130(1–2):144–56.
de las Cuevas C, Sanz EJ, de la Fuente JA, Padilla J, Berenguer JC. The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) as screening test for benzodiazepine dependence: SDS validation study. Addiction. 2000;95(2):245–50.
Cummings SM, Bride BE, Cassie KM, Rawlins-Shaw AM. Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for older adults with substance abuse disorders. J Gerontol Soc Work. 2008;50:215–44.
Cummings SM, Cooper RL, Cassie KM. Motivational interviewing to affect behavioral change in older adults with chronic and acute illnesses. Res Social Work Pract. 2009;19(2):195–204.
PRISM-E Investigators. Improving access to geriatric mental health services: a randomized trial comparing treatment engagement with integrated versus enhanced referral care for depression, anxiety, and at-risk alcohol use. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(1):1455–62.
Gordon A, Coniigliaro J, Maisto SA, McNeil M, Kraemer K, Kelley ME, et al. Comparison of consumption effects of brief interventions for hazardous drinking elderly. Subst Use Misuse. 2003;38(8):1017–34.
Schonfeld L, King-Kallimanis BL, Duchene DM, Etheridge RL, Herrera RL, Barry KL, et al. Screening and brief intervention for substance misuse among older adults: the Florida BRITE Project. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(1):108–14.
Kofoed L, Tolson R, Atkinson R, Toth R, Turner J. Treatment compliance of older alcoholics: an elder-specific approach is superior to “mainstreaming”. J Stud Alcohol. 1987;48(1):47–51.
Kashner M, Rodell DE, Ogden SR, Guggenheim FG, Karson CN. Outcomes and costs of two VA inpatient treatment programs for older alcoholic patients. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1992;43(1):985–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cummings, S., Cooper, R.L. (2012). The Addicted Geriatric Patient. In: Bryson, E., Frost, E. (eds) Perioperative Addiction. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0170-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0170-4_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-0169-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-0170-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)