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Biomimetic Synthetic Receptors as Molecular Recognition Elements

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Recognition Receptors in Biosensors

Abstract

The rapid development of supramolecular chemistry has in recent years made available synthetic host compounds for almost all possible analytes. The study of artificial receptors has led to a better understanding and thus the design of binding mechanisms, which also underly the function of biological receptors. The principles ruling sensitivity and selectivity of host–guest complexes are discussed on a quantitative basis, with emphasis on the significance of multivalent interactions. Limitations and advantages of synthetic versus biological receptors are compared. Complexation in particular of biologically relevant analytes is illustrated with representative examples, ranging from simple inorganic cations and anions over aminoacids, peptides, nucleotides, carbohydrates, to terpenes and steroids. Particular attention is given to receptors that function in natural aqueous environment and furnish optical detection signals.

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Abbreviations

ΔG:

Free energy

ΔΔG:

Free energy difference

K:

Equilibrium constant

PCA:

Principal component analysis

CHEF:

Chelation enhanced fluorescence

PET:

Photoinduced electron transfer

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

CDCl3 :

Chloroform, deuterated

ATP:

Adenosin triphosphate

GTP:

Guanosin triphosphate

CTP:

Cytidine triphosphate

UTP:

Uridine triphosphate

HEPES:

4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (a buffer)

NADP:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form

CD’s:

Cyclodextrins

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    Hans-Jörg Schneider

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    Mohammed Zourob

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Schneider, HJ., Lim, S., Strongin, R.M. (2010). Biomimetic Synthetic Receptors as Molecular Recognition Elements. In: Zourob, M. (eds) Recognition Receptors in Biosensors. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0919-0_20

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