Redox reactions, which are central to metabolism, depend on redox active functional groups on enzymes such as cysteinyl thiols, organic cofactors like pyridine or flavin nucleotides, or metal cofactors such as Fe, Cu, Mn, or Mo. Accordingly, certain metals are nutritionally essential for life. The green organs of plants display the most descriptive symptoms of metal-deficiency because of the importance of the chloroplast in various metal-dependent redox pathways.
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Merchant, S.S. (2007). Trace Metal Utilization in Chloroplasts. In: Wise, R.R., Hoober, J.K. (eds) The Structure and Function of Plastids. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 23. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4061-0_10
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